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HODOI ELEKTRONIKAI
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Aristote, Opuscules. Du sommeil et de la veille (texte complet)

καὶ

Chapitre

[3]   καὶ νυστάζοντες τοῦτο δοκοῦσι πάσχειν͵ καὶ ἀδυνατοῦσιν αἴρειν τὴν κεφαλὴν καὶ

[2]   ἐγρηγορικά͵ οὐ μέντοι ἄνευ φαντάσματος καὶ αἰσθήσεώς τινος· τὸ γὰρ ἐνύπνιόν

[1]   ὑγίεια καὶ νόσος͵ καὶ κάλλος καὶ αἶσχος͵ καὶ ἰσχὺς καὶ ἀσθένεια͵

[1]   μορίου ἐστίν͵ οἷον δεσμός τις καὶ ἀκινησία͵ ὥστ΄ ἀνάγκη πᾶν τὸ

[2]   ἅμα͵ ταύτας ἀναγκαῖον ἀργεῖν ἅμα καὶ ἀκινητί ζειν· τοὐναντίον γὰρ εὐλογώτερον

[1]   ἀσθένεια͵ καὶ ὄψις καὶ τυφλότης͵ καὶ ἀκοὴ καὶ κωφότης. Ἔτι δὲ

[2]   πάσαις͵ ᾗ καὶ ὅτι ὁρᾷ καὶ ἀκούει αἰσθάνεται (οὐ γὰρ δὴ

[3]   γίγνεται͵ καὶ ἔστιν ὑπνωτικὰ οἶνος καὶ ἄλλα θερμότητα ἔχοντα τοιαῦτα͵ ἔστι

[1]   ποιοῦντα͵ ὁμοίως δὲ καὶ χεῖρα καὶ ἄλλο πᾶν οὗ ἔστι τι

[1]   δ΄ ἐγρηγορέναι τὸ καθεύδειν ἐναντίον͵ καὶ ἀναγκαῖον ἅπαντι θάτερον ὑπάρχειν͵ ἀναγκαῖον

[3]   μεγαλοκεφάλοις ἡ ἄνω ὁρμὴ πολλὴ καὶ ἀναθυμίασις. Οἱ δὲ φλεβώδεις οὐχ

[3]   σύνοδός τις τοῦ θερμοῦ εἴσω καὶ ἀντιπερίστασις φυσικὴ διὰ τὴν εἰρημένην

[3]   νυστάζειν· ὅταν δὲ ῥέψῃ κάτω καὶ ἀντιστρέψαν ἀπώσῃ τὸ θερμόν͵ τότε

[1]   ἐνεργεῖν δὲ τῇ αἰσθήσει κυρίως καὶ ἁπλῶς ἀδύνατον καθεῦδον ἅμα· διὸ

[1]   κάλλος καὶ αἶσχος͵ καὶ ἰσχὺς καὶ ἀσθένεια͵ καὶ ὄψις καὶ τυφλότης͵

[1]   ἐν τῷ ἐγρηγορέναι· τρέφεται γὰρ καὶ αὐξάνεται τότε μᾶλλον͵ ὡς οὐδὲν

[3]   τότε πρῶτον τροφήν τε λαμβάνειν καὶ αὔξησιν͵ τροφὴ δ΄ ἐστὶ πᾶσιν

[2]   μὴ ἀναπνέουσιν ἡ σύμφυτος (διὸ καὶ βομβοῦντα φαίνεται τὰ πτερωτά͵ ὅταν

[3]   αὐτοῖς ἀναθυμιάσεως. Διὰ τοῦτο γὰρ καὶ βρωτικοί͵ σκληφροὶ ὄντες· ὥσπερ γὰρ

[3]   ἀδυναμία τοῦ αἰσθητικοῦ͵ καθάπερ εἴρηται· καὶ γὰρ ἔκνοια καὶ πνιγμός τις

[2]   ἐν τῷ μὴ δύνασθαι αἰσθάνεσθαι (καὶ γὰρ ἐν ταῖς λειποψυχίαις τοιοῦτόν

[2]   καὶ πᾶσιν ὑπάρχει τοῖς ζῴοις· καὶ γὰρ ἡ ἁφὴ μόνη πᾶσιν·

[1]   τἆλλα πάντα ὅσαπερ ἔχει ὀφθαλμούς· καὶ γὰρ τὰ σκληρόφθαλμα φανερὰ καὶ

[1]   πλωτὰ καὶ πτηνὰ καὶ πεζά· καὶ γὰρ τὰ τῶν ἰχθύων γένη

[2]   δὲ τρόποι πλείους τῆς αἰτίας (καὶ γὰρ τὸ τίνος ἕνεκεν͵ καὶ

[2]   τί δὲ καθεύδει καὶ ἐγρήγορε καὶ διὰ ποίαν τινὰ αἴσθησιν ἢ

[1]   τῆς ψυχῆς ἢ τοῦ σώματος͵ καὶ διὰ τίν΄ αἰτίαν ὑπάρχει τοῖς

[1]   τούτοις τί ἐστι τὸ ἐνύπνιον͵ καὶ διὰ τίνα αἰτίαν οἱ καθεύδοντες

[3]   Ὅθεν δ΄ ἐκλείπει͵ καταψύχε ται καὶ διὰ ψῦξιν καταπίπτει τὰ βλέφαρα͵

[3]   ὀλίγῳ πολλὴ ἐκ τοῦ περιεστῶτος͵ καὶ διακριθῇ τό τε σωματωδέστερον αἷμα

[3]   ἃ λέγουσιν οἱ σφόδρα λειποψυχήσαντες καὶ δόξαντες τεθνάναι· περὶ ὧν τὸν

[2]   ὅτι ὁρᾷ͵ καὶ κρίνει δὴ καὶ δύναται κρίνειν ὅτι ἕτερα τὰ

[2]   αἰσθήσεως. ~Διὰ τί δὲ καθεύδει καὶ ἐγρήγορε καὶ διὰ ποίαν τινὰ

[1]   ὅτι ᾧ περ αἰσθάνεται͵ τούτῳ καὶ ἐγρήγορε τὰ ἐγρηγορότα καὶ καθεύδει

[1]   καὶ ἐγρηγόρσεως. ~Περὶ δὲ ὕπνου καὶ ἐγρηγόρσεως ἐπισκεπτέον τίνα τε τυγχάνει

[0]   ~Περὶ ὕπνου καὶ ἐγρηγόρσεως. ~Περὶ δὲ ὕπνου καὶ

[1]   ἢ τοῦ σώματος ἢ κοινά͵ καὶ εἰ κοινά͵ τίνος μορίου τῆς

[1]   καθεύδουσιν ἐνυπνιάζειν͵ ἀλλ΄ οὐ μνημονεύουσιν͵ καὶ εἰ τοῦτο γίγνεται͵ διὰ τίνα

[1]   ἀκοὴ καὶ κωφότης. Ἔτι δὲ (καὶ ἐκ τῶνδε δῆλον· ᾧ γὰρ

[2]   αἰσθήσεως ἡ λειποψυχία͵ γίγνονται δὲ καὶ ἔκνοιαί τινες τοιαῦται· ἔτι δ΄

[3]   ἀρχή͵ ὥσπερ εἴρηται καὶ ἐνταῦθα καὶ ἐν ἄλλοις͵ ἡ καρδία. Τῶν

[2]   ὁλοπτέρων͵ οἷον σφηκῶν καὶ μελιττῶν͵ καὶ ἐν ταῖς μυίαις καὶ ὅσα

[3]   θερμοῦ͵ οἷον συμβαίνει τοῖς πυρέττουσι καὶ ἐν τοῖς ληθάργοις. Ἔτι δ΄

[1]   ἐναντία καὶ ἐπὶ τῶν ἄλλων καὶ ἐν τοῖς φυσικοῖς ἐν τῷ

[2]   τούτου͵ ἐν ᾧ μὲν τόπῳ καὶ ἐν ᾧ μορίῳ πρώτῳ γίγνεται

[3]   τοῦ αἵματος ἀρχή͵ ὥσπερ εἴρηται καὶ ἐνταῦθα καὶ ἐν ἄλλοις͵ ἡ

[1]   ἐγρηγόρσεως· ἀεὶ γὰρ τὰ ἐναντία καὶ ἐπὶ τῶν ἄλλων καὶ ἐν

[1]   τὸ χαίρειν· οἷς δὲ ταῦτα͵ καὶ ἐπιθυμία· τοῖς δὲ φυτοῖς οὐδὲν

[3]   Διὰ ταύτην δὲ τὴν αἰτίαν καὶ ἐπιληπτικὰ γίγνεται· ὅμοιον γὰρ ὁ

[3]   μόνον γὰρ ὀρθὸν τῶν ζῴων) καὶ ἐπιπεσὸν μὲν ἔκνοιαν ποιεῖ͵ ὕστερον

[3]   ὅμοιον γὰρ ὁ ὕπνος ἐπιλήψει͵ καὶ ἔστιν τρόπον τινὰ ὁ ὕπνος

[3]   σιτία ἰσχυρότατος ὁ ὕπνος γίγνεται͵ καὶ ἔστιν ὑπνωτικὰ οἶνος καὶ ἄλλα

[1]   δὲ ἄνευ νόσου γίγνεται͵ ὥστε καὶ ἡ ἀδυναμία καὶ ἡ διάλυσις

[2]   γὰρ τὰ ἔναιμα καρδίαν ἔχει͵ καὶ ἡ ἀρχὴ τῆς κινήσεως καὶ

[1]   γίγνεται͵ ὥστε καὶ ἡ ἀδυναμία καὶ ἡ διάλυσις ὡσαύτως ἔσται͵ ἀνάγκη

[2]   αἰσθητηρίῳεἰ δή ἐστιν ὁ ὕπνος καὶ ἡ ἐγρήγορσις πάθη τοῦ μορίου

[2]   μορίῳ πρώτῳ γίγνεται ὁ ὕπνος καὶ ἡ ἐγρήγορσις͵ φανερόν. Κινοῦνται δ΄

[1]   (οὗ γὰρ ἡ δύναμις͵ τούτου καὶ ἡ ἐνέργεια· ἡ δὲ λεγομένη

[3]   δέχεσθαι ῥᾳδίως τὴν ἀναθυμίασιν συμβάλλεται καὶ ἡ λεπτότης καὶ (ἡ) στενότης

[3]   ἀναθυμίασιν συμβάλλεται καὶ ἡ λεπτότης καὶ (ἡ) στενότης τῶν περὶ τὸν

[2]   μέρους τοῖς ζῴοις ἀφ΄ οὗπερ καὶ ἡ τῆς κινήσεως͵ διώρισται πρότερον

[2]   μὲν οὖν κινήσεως φανερὸν ὅτι καὶ ἡ τοῦ πνεύματος ἀρχὴ καὶ

[3]   ποιοῦσιν͵ ὅσαι ἀπὸ περιττώματος ὑγροῦ καὶ θερμοῦ͵ οἷον συμβαίνει τοῖς πυρέττουσι

[3]   ἐν τῇ κεφαλῇ͵ παχύτατον δὲ καὶ θολερώτατον τὸ ἐν τοῖς κάτω

[1]   νόσος͵ καὶ κάλλος καὶ αἶσχος͵ καὶ ἰσχὺς καὶ ἀσθένεια͵ καὶ ὄψις

[3]   Ἔστι δὲ λεπτότατον μὲν αἷμα καὶ καθαρώτατον τὸ ἐν τῇ κεφαλῇ͵

[1]   τούτῳ καὶ ἐγρήγορε τὰ ἐγρηγορότα καὶ καθεύδει τὰ καθεύδοντα. Ἐπεὶ δὲ

[3]   ἀρχὴ τούτου τοῦ πάθους καθεύδουσιν͵ καὶ καθεύδοντες μὲν ἁλίσκονται͵ ἐγρηγορότες δ΄

[1]   δ΄ οἷον ὑγίεια καὶ νόσος͵ καὶ κάλλος καὶ αἶσχος͵ καὶ ἰσχὺς

[3]   τόποις γένηται͵ ἀθρόον πάλιν ἀντιστρέφει καὶ καταφέρεται. Διὸ μάλιστα γίγνονται ὕπνοι

[3]   καὶ μὴ νοσώδης καταφέρεται συνισταμένη καὶ καταψύχει τὸ θερμόν. Πρὸς δὲ

[3]   ὑπερβάλλῃ τὸ ἀναχθέν͵ πάλιν ἀνταπωθεῖται καὶ κάτω ῥεῖ (διὸ καὶ πίπτουσί

[2]   αὐτὸν τρόπον͵ ἔστι δέ τις καὶ κοινὴ δύναμις ἀκολουθοῦσα πάσαις͵ ᾗ

[3]   θερμότητι. Ἐγείρεται δ΄ ὅταν πεφθῇ καὶ κρατήσῃ ἡ συνεωσμένη θερμότης ἐν

[2]   γε ὄψει ὁρᾷ ὅτι ὁρᾷ͵ καὶ κρίνει δὴ καὶ δύναται κρίνειν

[1]   ὄψις καὶ τυφλότης͵ καὶ ἀκοὴ καὶ κωφότης. Ἔτι δὲ (καὶ ἐκ

[1]   δὲ τὰ τοιαῦτα πάντα͵ διὸ καὶ λάθοι ἄν τινα πολλάκις πότερον

[3]   γὰρ ἔκνοια καὶ πνιγμός τις καὶ λειποψυχία ποιεῖ τὴν τοιαύτην ἀδυναμίαν.

[3]   τὸ ὑγρόν͵ τοῖς δὲ νανώδεσι καὶ μεγαλοκεφάλοις ἡ ἄνω ὁρμὴ πολλὴ

[2]   ἐπὶ τῶν ὁλοπτέρων͵ οἷον σφηκῶν καὶ μελιττῶν͵ καὶ ἐν ταῖς μυίαις

[3]   μέχρι του ὠθεῖσθαι͵ εἶτ΄ ἀντιστρέφειν καὶ μεταβάλλειν καθάπερ εὔριπον. Τὸ δὲ

[3]   θερμόν. Πρὸς δὲ τὸ καταψύχεσθαι καὶ μὴ δέχεσθαι ῥᾳδίως τὴν ἀναθυμίασιν

[2]   δὲ ἀναίμοις καὶ τοῖς ἐντόμοις καὶ μὴ δεχομένοις πνεῦμα ἐν τῷ

[3]   τῆς κεφαλῆς) ἡ δὲ τρόφιμος καὶ μὴ νοσώδης καταφέρεται συνισταμένη καὶ

[2]   ἐν τῷ τὰς αἰσθήσεις ἀργεῖν καὶ μὴ χρῆσθαι αὐταῖς ὁ ὕπνος͵

[1]   πάθη͵ λέγω δ΄ οἷον ὑγίεια καὶ νόσος͵ καὶ κάλλος καὶ αἶσχος͵

[3]   μανδραγόρας͵ οἶνος͵ αἶραι. Καὶ καταφερόμενοι καὶ νυστάζοντες τοῦτο δοκοῦσι πάσχειν͵ καὶ

[1]   ζῴου ἥ τε ἐγρήγορσις ὑπάρχει καὶ ὁ ὕπνος· ἀντίκεινται γάρ͵ καὶ

[2]   τούτου ἐστὶ πάθος ἡ ἐγρήγορσις καὶ ὁ ὕπνος. Διὸ καὶ πᾶσιν

[3]   τοῦ αἰσθητικοῦ συμβαίνει ἡ ἐγρήγορσις καὶ ὁ ὕπνος. Οὐ γάρ ἐστιν

[2]   (καὶ γὰρ τὸ τίνος ἕνεκεν͵ καὶ ὅθεν ἡ ἀρχὴ τῆς κινήσεως͵

[3]   καταψύχει διὰ τὴν κίνησιν͵ οὕτω καὶ οἱ ἐν τῇ κεφαλῇ πόροι

[3]   ἀναθυμίασις εἰς φλέγμα συνίσταται (διὸ καὶ οἱ κατάρροι φαίνονται γιγνόμενοι ἐκ

[3]   οἱ ἀδηλόφλεβοι καὶ οἱ νανώδεις καὶ οἱ μεγαλοκέφαλοι· τῶν μὲν γὰρ

[3]   ὅλον δὲ φίλυπνοι οἱ ἀδηλόφλεβοι καὶ οἱ νανώδεις καὶ οἱ μεγαλοκέφαλοι·

[1]   τρόπον τινὰ τὴν μὲν ἀκινησίαν καὶ οἷον δεσμὸν τὸν ὕπνον εἶναί

[3]   τίτθας) ἀλλὰ δεῖ πίνειν ὑδαρῆ καὶ ὀλίγον· πνευματῶδες γὰρ ὁ οἶ

[2]   καὶ ἡ τοῦ πνεύματος ἀρχὴ καὶ ὅλως ἡ τῆς καταψύξεώς ἐστιν

[2]   μελιττῶν͵ καὶ ἐν ταῖς μυίαις καὶ ὅσα τοιαῦτα. Ἐπεὶ δὲ κινεῖν

[2]   κοινὴ δύναμις ἀκολουθοῦσα πάσαις͵ ᾗ καὶ ὅτι ὁρᾷ καὶ ἀκούει αἰσθάνεται

[1]   εἶναι χωριστόν ἐστιν) ὁμοίως δὲ καὶ ὅτι οὐδέν ἐστιν ὃ ἀεὶ

[1]   χρόνον δυνάμενον αἰσθάνεσθαι συνεχῶς͵ ἀδυνατήσει καὶ οὐκέτι τοῦτο ποιήσει. Εἰ τοίνυν

[1]   αἶσχος͵ καὶ ἰσχὺς καὶ ἀσθένεια͵ καὶ ὄψις καὶ τυφλότης͵ καὶ ἀκοὴ

[2]   ἐγρήγορσις καὶ ὁ ὕπνος. Διὸ καὶ πᾶσιν ὑπάρχει τοῖς ζῴοις· καὶ

[1]   ἀδυνατεῖν͵ οἷον τὰ ὄμματα ὁρῶντα͵ καὶ παύεσθαι τοῦτο ποιοῦντα͵ ὁμοίως δὲ

[1]   ὕπνου͵ καὶ πλωτὰ καὶ πτηνὰ καὶ πεζά· καὶ γὰρ τὰ τῶν

[2]   δὲ νῦν λέγομεν͵ εὐλόγως ἔχει καὶ περὶ τούτων· τοῦ γὰρ κυρίου

[3]   ἀνταπωθεῖται καὶ κάτω ῥεῖ (διὸ καὶ πίπτουσί γε ὑποσπωμένου τοῦ θερμοῦ

[1]   σχεδὸν ἅπαντα δῆλα κοινωνοῦνθ΄ ὕπνου͵ καὶ πλωτὰ καὶ πτηνὰ καὶ πεζά·

[3]   καθάπερ εἴρηται· καὶ γὰρ ἔκνοια καὶ πνιγμός τις καὶ λειποψυχία ποιεῖ

[3]   εἰρημένων ἐστὶν ἐπελθεῖν τίνων γιγνομένων καὶ πόθεν ἡ ἀρχὴ τοῦ πάθους

[3]   ἀναφέρεται. Ἱστάμενον μὲν οὖν βαρύνει καὶ ποιεῖ νυστάζειν· ὅταν δὲ ῥέψῃ

[2]   δ΄ αἰτίαν συμβαίνει τὸ καθεύδειν͵ καὶ ποῖόν τι τὸ πάθος ἐστί͵

[2]   φανερόν. Κινοῦνται δ΄ ἔνιοι καθεύδοντες καὶ ποιοῦσι πολλὰ ἐγρηγορικά͵ οὐ μέντοι

[3]   φλέβας͵ ἐκεῖ δὲ μεταβάλλουσα ἐξαιματοῦται καὶ πορεύεται ἐπὶ τὴν ἀρχήν. Εἴρηται

[1]   τίν΄ αἰτίαν ὑπάρχει τοῖς ζῴοις· καὶ πότερον ἅπαντα κεκοινώνηκεν ἀμφοτέρων͵ ἢ

[1]   γίγνεται͵ διὰ τίνα αἰτίαν γίγνεται· καὶ πότερον ἐνδέχεται τὰ μέλλοντα προορᾶν

[1]   ἐπισκεπτέον τίνα τε τυγχάνει ὄντα͵ καὶ πότερον ἴδια τῆς ψυχῆς ἢ

[1]   καὶ τίνα τρόπον εἰ ἐνδέχεται· καὶ πότερον τὰ μέλλοντα ὑπ΄ ἀνθρώπου

[2]   ὑπάρχειν. Ἔτι δὲ ποίας κινήσεως καὶ πράξεως ἐν τοῖς σώμασι γιγνομένης

[2]   κυρίου τῶν ἄλλων πάντων αἰσθητηρίου͵ καὶ πρὸς ὃ συντείνει τἆλλα͵ πεπονθότος

[1]   δῆλα κοινωνοῦνθ΄ ὕπνου͵ καὶ πλωτὰ καὶ πτηνὰ καὶ πεζά· καὶ γὰρ

[3]   τινὰ ὁ ὕπνος ἐπίληψις. Διὸ καὶ συμβαίνει τισὶν ἡ ἀρχὴ τούτου

[2]   κινεῖσθαι͵ μὴ δυναμένῳ δ΄ ἀεὶ καὶ συνεχῶς κινεῖσθαι μεθ΄ ἡδονῆς͵ ἀναγκαῖον

[3]   καταβαῖνον πάλιν τὰς φλέβας ὀγκοῖ͵ καὶ συνθλίβει τὸν πόρον δι΄ οὗ

[2]   ἀνάλογον τὸ σύμφυτον πνεῦμα ἀναφυσώμενον καὶ συνιζάνον φαίνεται. Δῆλον δὲ τοῦτο

[3]   διὰ τὴν ψυχρότητα αὐτοῦ καταψύχεται καὶ συστὰν καταφέρεται (γενόμενον πάλιν ὕδωρ͵

[3]   τὸν θρεπτικὸν τόπον ψυχρὸν ποιεῖ καὶ τὰ ἄλλα μόρια͵ ὅπου ἂν

[3]   καὶ ἀδυνατοῦσιν αἴρειν τὴν κεφαλὴν καὶ τὰ βλέφαρα. Καὶ μετὰ τὰ

[3]   καρηβαρίαν ποιεῖ͵ καὶ τὰ ποτὰ καὶ τὰ βρωτά͵ μήκων͵ μανδραγόρας͵ οἶνος͵

[3]   οἷον τὰ περὶ τοὺς πόδας καὶ τὰ εἴσω. Καίτοι τοῦτό τις

[1]   καὶ γὰρ τὰ σκληρόφθαλμα φανερὰ καὶ τὰ ἔντομα κοιμώμενα· βραχύυπνα δὲ

[3]   καὶ τὰ μὲν ἄνω κατέψυκται καὶ τὰ ἔξω͵ τὰ δ΄ ἔντος

[3]   τὰ ἔξω͵ τὰ δ΄ ἔντος καὶ τὰ κάτω θερμά͵ οἷον τὰ

[2]   τἆλλα͵ πεπονθότος τι συμπάσχειν (ἀναγκαῖον καὶ τὰ λοιπὰ πάντα͵ ἐκείνων δέ

[3]   διὰ ψῦξιν καταπίπτει τὰ βλέφαρα͵ καὶ τὰ μὲν ἄνω κατέψυκται καὶ

[3]   ὑπνωτικά· πάντα γὰρ καρηβαρίαν ποιεῖ͵ καὶ τὰ ποτὰ καὶ τὰ βρωτά͵

[1]   τὰ τῶν ἰχθύων γένη πάντα καὶ τὰ τῶν μαλακίων ὦπται καθεύδοντα͵

[3]   ζῷον καθεύδει. Σημεῖον δὲ τούτων καὶ τὰ ὑπνωτικά· πάντα γὰρ καρηβαρίαν

[2]   τῇ δ΄ ἀκοῇ τὸ ἀκούειν͵ καὶ ταῖς ἄλλαις ἑκάστῃ κατὰ τὸν

[1]   τὰ τῶν μαλακίων ὦπται καθεύδοντα͵ καὶ τἆλλα πάντα ὅσαπερ ἔχει ὀφθαλμούς·

[1]   εἶναί φαμεν͵ τὴν δὲ λύσιν καὶ τὴν ἄνεσιν ἐγρήγορσιν. Τῶν δὲ

[2]   οἷον ὄψιν͵ τὴν δ΄ ἁφὴν καὶ τὴν γεῦσιν ἅπαντα ἔχει͵ πλὴν

[2]   ὅθεν ἡ ἀρχὴ τῆς κινήσεως͵ καὶ τὴν ὕλην καὶ τὸν λόγον

[2]   καὶ ἡ ἀρχὴ τῆς κινήσεως καὶ τῆς αἰσθήσεως τῆς κυρίας ἐντεῦθέν

[3]   φλεβός͵ τῆς τε μεγάλης καλουμένης καὶ τῆς ἀορτῆς· ἐν δὲ τῇ

[2]   διωρισμένων τόπων ὁ μέσος κεφαλῆς καὶ τῆς κάτω κοιλίας. Τοῖς μὲν

[3]   ἀθρόως ἐπὶ τὸ πρῶτον αἰσθητήριον· καὶ τί ἐστιν ὁ ὕπνος͵ ὅτι

[3]   τὰς ἀρχὰς τῆς κινήσεως θεωρήσωμεν͵ καὶ τί πάσχοντος τοῦ μορίου τοῦ

[1]   μέλλοντα προορᾶν ἢ οὐκ ἐνδέχεται͵ καὶ τίνα τρόπον εἰ ἐνδέχεται· καὶ

[2]   ἡ τῆς καταψύξεώς ἐστιν ἐνταῦθα͵ καὶ τὸ ἀναπνεῖν τε καὶ τὸ

[1]   ὑπάρχει τούτων. Σημεῖον δ΄ ὅτι καὶ τὸ ἔργον τὸ αὑτοῦ ποιεῖ

[3]   θερμόν͵ τότε γίγνεται ὁ ὕπνος καὶ τὸ ζῷον καθεύδει. Σημεῖον δὲ

[3]   διακριθῇ τό τε σωματωδέστερον αἷμα καὶ τὸ καθαρώτερον. Ἔστι δὲ λεπτότατον

[2]   σώμασι γιγνομένης συμβαίνει τότε ἐγρηγορέναι καὶ τὸ καθεύδειν τοῖς ζῴοις͵ μετὰ

[3]   θερμοῦ ἀθροιζόμενον τὸ ψυχρὸν καταψύχει͵ καὶ τὸ κατὰ φύσιν θερμὸν ποιεῖ

[2]   ἔστι μὲν γὰρ μία αἴσθησις͵ καὶ τὸ κύριον αἰσθητήριον ἕν͵ τὸ

[1]   ἐγρήγορσις· οἷς δ΄ αἴσθησις ὑπάρχει͵ καὶ τὸ λυπεῖσθαι καὶ τὸ χαίρειν·

[3]   γὰρ πολὺ τό τε ὑγρὸν καὶ τὸ σωματῶδες ἀναφέρεται. Ἱστάμενον μὲν

[2]   ἐνταῦθα͵ καὶ τὸ ἀναπνεῖν τε καὶ τὸ τῷ ὑγρῷ καταψύχεσθαι πρός

[3]   λειποψυχήσαντα͵ ἐνδέχοιτ΄ ἂν ἐνύπνιον εἶναι καὶ τὸ φάντασμα. Πολλὰ δ΄ ἐστὶν

[2]   ἐγρήγορσις τέλος· τὸ γὰρ αἰσθάνεσθαι καὶ τὸ φρονεῖν πᾶσι τέλος οἷς

[1]   αἴσθησις ὑπάρχει͵ καὶ τὸ λυπεῖσθαι καὶ τὸ χαίρειν· οἷς δὲ ταῦτα͵

[2]   μὲν γὰρ τοῦτ΄ ἀδυνατήσῃ͵ ἀνάγκη καὶ τοῖς αἰσθητηρίοις πᾶσιν ἀδυνατεῖν αἰσθέσθαι͵

[2]   καθ΄ αὑτήν. Τοῖς δὲ ἀναίμοις καὶ τοῖς ἐντόμοις καὶ μὴ δεχομένοις

[1]   τὸν δὲ αἰσθανόμενον ἐγρηγορέναι νομίζομεν͵ καὶ τὸν ἐγρηγορότα πάντα ἢ τῶν

[3]   μέλαινα χολὴ φύσει ψυχρὰ οὖσα καὶ τὸν θρεπτικὸν τόπον ψυχρὸν ποιεῖ

[1]   γὰρ τὸν ἐγρηγορότα γνωρίζομεν͵ τούτῳ καὶ τὸν καθυπνοῦντα· τὸν δὲ αἰσθανόμενον

[2]   τῆς κινήσεως͵ καὶ τὴν ὕλην καὶ τὸν λόγον αἴτιον εἶναί φαμεν)

[3]   οἱ ἐν τῇ κεφαλῇ πόροι καὶ τόποι καταψύχονται ἀναφερομένης τῆς ἀναθυμιάσεως;

[1]   τῷ αὐτῷ δεκτικῷ φαίνεται γιγνόμενα͵ καὶ τοῦ αὐτοῦ ὄντα πάθη͵ λέγω

[3]   τοῦτ΄ εἶναι τὸ πάθος αἴτιον καὶ τοῦ ἠρεμεῖν ἐν ταῖς μήτραις

[3]   πάθους γίγνεται͵ τοῦ τ΄ ἐγρηγορέναι καὶ τοῦ καθεύδειν. Φανερὸν δὴ ὅτι

[1]   λεγομένων ὡς μορίων τῆς ψυχῆς͵ καὶ τοῦ μὲν θρεπτικοῦ χωριζομένου τῶν

[1]   τινός ἐστιν ἔργον τὸ αἰσθάνεσθαι͵ καὶ τοῦτο͵ ἂν ὑπερβάλλῃ ὅσον ἦν

[3]   πνευματῶδες γὰρ ὁ οἶ νος καὶ τούτου μᾶλλον ὁ μέλας. Οὕτω

[2]   ἀνάγκης τινὰ ὑπάρχειν αὐτῷ δεῖ͵ καὶ τούτων ὑπαρχόντων ἕτερα ὑπάρχειν. Ἔτι

[1]   ἰσχὺς καὶ ἀσθένεια͵ καὶ ὄψις καὶ τυφλότης͵ καὶ ἀκοὴ καὶ κωφότης.

[1]   μὴ χωριστόν· τῇ γὰρ δυνάμει καὶ τῷ εἶναι χωριστόν ἐστιν) ὁμοίως

[3]   κατὰ φύσιν θερμὸν ποιεῖ ἐξαδυνατεῖν καὶ ὑποχωρεῖν; ἔτι δὲ πολλῆς ἐμπιπτούσης

[1]   καὶ ὁ ὕπνος· ἀντίκεινται γάρ͵ καὶ φαίνεται στέρησίς τις ὁ ὕπνος

[3]   ἀδυναμίαν. Ἤδη δὲ γεγένηταί τισι καὶ φαντασία λειποψυχήσασιν ἰσχυρῶς. Τοῦτο μὲν

[1]   δῆλον ὡς ὅσα μὲν αὐξήσεως καὶ φθίσεως μετέχει μόνον τῶν ζώντων͵

[1]   τὸ δαιμόνιον ἔχει τὴν αἰτίαν͵ καὶ φύσει γίγνεται ἢ ἀπὸ ταὐτομάτου.

[1]   παύεσθαι τοῦτο ποιοῦντα͵ ὁμοίως δὲ καὶ χεῖρα καὶ ἄλλο πᾶν οὗ

[2]   γένους ἑκάστου ἕτερον͵ οἷον ψόφου καὶ χρώματος) τοῦτο δ΄ ἅμα τῷ

[1]   ὑπ΄ ἀνθρώπου πράσσεσθαι μόνον͵ ἢ καὶ ὧν τὸ δαιμόνιον ἔχει τὴν

[2]   κινεῖσθαι μεθ΄ ἡδονῆς͵ ἀναγκαῖον εἶναι καὶ ὠφέλιμον͵ τῷ δὲ ὕπνῳ αὐτῇ

Chapitre
[3]	καὶ νυστάζοντες τοῦτο δοκοῦσι πάσχειν͵	καὶ	ἀδυνατοῦσιν αἴρειν τὴν κεφαλὴν καὶ
[2]	ἐγρηγορικά͵ οὐ μέντοι ἄνευ φαντάσματος	καὶ	αἰσθήσεώς τινος· τὸ γὰρ ἐνύπνιόν
[1]	ὑγίεια καὶ νόσος͵ καὶ κάλλος	καὶ	αἶσχος͵ καὶ ἰσχὺς καὶ ἀσθένεια͵
[1]	μορίου ἐστίν͵ οἷον δεσμός τις	καὶ	ἀκινησία͵ ὥστ΄ ἀνάγκη πᾶν τὸ
[2]	ἅμα͵ ταύτας ἀναγκαῖον ἀργεῖν ἅμα	καὶ	ἀκινητί ζειν· τοὐναντίον γὰρ εὐλογώτερον
[1]	ἀσθένεια͵ καὶ ὄψις καὶ τυφλότης͵	καὶ	ἀκοὴ καὶ κωφότης. Ἔτι δὲ
[2]	πάσαις͵ ᾗ καὶ ὅτι ὁρᾷ	καὶ	ἀκούει αἰσθάνεται (οὐ γὰρ δὴ
[3]	γίγνεται͵ καὶ ἔστιν ὑπνωτικὰ οἶνος	καὶ	ἄλλα θερμότητα ἔχοντα τοιαῦτα͵ ἔστι
[1]	ποιοῦντα͵ ὁμοίως δὲ καὶ χεῖρα	καὶ	ἄλλο πᾶν οὗ ἔστι τι
[1]	δ΄ ἐγρηγορέναι τὸ καθεύδειν ἐναντίον͵	καὶ	ἀναγκαῖον ἅπαντι θάτερον ὑπάρχειν͵ ἀναγκαῖον
[3]	μεγαλοκεφάλοις ἡ ἄνω ὁρμὴ πολλὴ	καὶ	ἀναθυμίασις. Οἱ δὲ φλεβώδεις οὐχ
[3]	σύνοδός τις τοῦ θερμοῦ εἴσω	καὶ	ἀντιπερίστασις φυσικὴ διὰ τὴν εἰρημένην
[3]	νυστάζειν· ὅταν δὲ ῥέψῃ κάτω	καὶ	ἀντιστρέψαν ἀπώσῃ τὸ θερμόν͵ τότε
[1]	ἐνεργεῖν δὲ τῇ αἰσθήσει κυρίως	καὶ	ἁπλῶς ἀδύνατον καθεῦδον ἅμα· διὸ
[1]	κάλλος καὶ αἶσχος͵ καὶ ἰσχὺς	καὶ	ἀσθένεια͵ καὶ ὄψις καὶ τυφλότης͵
[1]	ἐν τῷ ἐγρηγορέναι· τρέφεται γὰρ	καὶ	αὐξάνεται τότε μᾶλλον͵ ὡς οὐδὲν
[3]	τότε πρῶτον τροφήν τε λαμβάνειν	καὶ	αὔξησιν͵ τροφὴ δ΄ ἐστὶ πᾶσιν
[2]	μὴ ἀναπνέουσιν ἡ σύμφυτος (διὸ	καὶ	βομβοῦντα φαίνεται τὰ πτερωτά͵ ὅταν
[3]	αὐτοῖς ἀναθυμιάσεως. Διὰ τοῦτο γὰρ	καὶ	βρωτικοί͵ σκληφροὶ ὄντες· ὥσπερ γὰρ
[3]	ἀδυναμία τοῦ αἰσθητικοῦ͵ καθάπερ εἴρηται·	καὶ	γὰρ ἔκνοια καὶ πνιγμός τις
[2]	ἐν τῷ μὴ δύνασθαι αἰσθάνεσθαι	(καὶ	γὰρ ἐν ταῖς λειποψυχίαις τοιοῦτόν
[2]	καὶ πᾶσιν ὑπάρχει τοῖς ζῴοις·	καὶ	γὰρ ἡ ἁφὴ μόνη πᾶσιν·
[1]	τἆλλα πάντα ὅσαπερ ἔχει ὀφθαλμούς·	καὶ	γὰρ τὰ σκληρόφθαλμα φανερὰ καὶ
[1]	πλωτὰ καὶ πτηνὰ καὶ πεζά·	καὶ	γὰρ τὰ τῶν ἰχθύων γένη
[2]	δὲ τρόποι πλείους τῆς αἰτίας	(καὶ	γὰρ τὸ τίνος ἕνεκεν͵ καὶ
[2]	τί δὲ καθεύδει καὶ ἐγρήγορε	καὶ	διὰ ποίαν τινὰ αἴσθησιν ἢ
[1]	τῆς ψυχῆς ἢ τοῦ σώματος͵	καὶ	διὰ τίν΄ αἰτίαν ὑπάρχει τοῖς
[1]	τούτοις τί ἐστι τὸ ἐνύπνιον͵	καὶ	διὰ τίνα αἰτίαν οἱ καθεύδοντες
[3]	Ὅθεν δ΄ ἐκλείπει͵ καταψύχε ται	καὶ	διὰ ψῦξιν καταπίπτει τὰ βλέφαρα͵
[3]	ὀλίγῳ πολλὴ ἐκ τοῦ περιεστῶτος͵	καὶ	διακριθῇ τό τε σωματωδέστερον αἷμα
[3]	ἃ λέγουσιν οἱ σφόδρα λειποψυχήσαντες	καὶ	δόξαντες τεθνάναι· περὶ ὧν τὸν
[2]	ὅτι ὁρᾷ͵ καὶ κρίνει δὴ	καὶ	δύναται κρίνειν ὅτι ἕτερα τὰ
[2]	αἰσθήσεως. ~Διὰ τί δὲ καθεύδει	καὶ	ἐγρήγορε καὶ διὰ ποίαν τινὰ
[1]	ὅτι ᾧ περ αἰσθάνεται͵ τούτῳ	καὶ	ἐγρήγορε τὰ ἐγρηγορότα καὶ καθεύδει
[1]	καὶ ἐγρηγόρσεως. ~Περὶ δὲ ὕπνου	καὶ	ἐγρηγόρσεως ἐπισκεπτέον τίνα τε τυγχάνει
[0]	~Περὶ ὕπνου	καὶ	ἐγρηγόρσεως. ~Περὶ δὲ ὕπνου καὶ
[1]	ἢ τοῦ σώματος ἢ κοινά͵	καὶ	εἰ κοινά͵ τίνος μορίου τῆς
[1]	καθεύδουσιν ἐνυπνιάζειν͵ ἀλλ΄ οὐ μνημονεύουσιν͵	καὶ	εἰ τοῦτο γίγνεται͵ διὰ τίνα
[1]	ἀκοὴ καὶ κωφότης. Ἔτι δὲ	(καὶ	ἐκ τῶνδε δῆλον· ᾧ γὰρ
[2]	αἰσθήσεως ἡ λειποψυχία͵ γίγνονται δὲ	καὶ	ἔκνοιαί τινες τοιαῦται· ἔτι δ΄
[3]	ἀρχή͵ ὥσπερ εἴρηται καὶ ἐνταῦθα	καὶ	ἐν ἄλλοις͵ ἡ καρδία. Τῶν
[2]	ὁλοπτέρων͵ οἷον σφηκῶν καὶ μελιττῶν͵	καὶ	ἐν ταῖς μυίαις καὶ ὅσα
[3]	θερμοῦ͵ οἷον συμβαίνει τοῖς πυρέττουσι	καὶ	ἐν τοῖς ληθάργοις. Ἔτι δ΄
[1]	ἐναντία καὶ ἐπὶ τῶν ἄλλων	καὶ	ἐν τοῖς φυσικοῖς ἐν τῷ
[2]	τούτου͵ ἐν ᾧ μὲν τόπῳ	καὶ	ἐν ᾧ μορίῳ πρώτῳ γίγνεται
[3]	τοῦ αἵματος ἀρχή͵ ὥσπερ εἴρηται	καὶ	ἐνταῦθα καὶ ἐν ἄλλοις͵ ἡ
[1]	ἐγρηγόρσεως· ἀεὶ γὰρ τὰ ἐναντία	καὶ	ἐπὶ τῶν ἄλλων καὶ ἐν
[1]	τὸ χαίρειν· οἷς δὲ ταῦτα͵	καὶ	ἐπιθυμία· τοῖς δὲ φυτοῖς οὐδὲν
[3]	Διὰ ταύτην δὲ τὴν αἰτίαν	καὶ	ἐπιληπτικὰ γίγνεται· ὅμοιον γὰρ ὁ
[3]	μόνον γὰρ ὀρθὸν τῶν ζῴων)	καὶ	ἐπιπεσὸν μὲν ἔκνοιαν ποιεῖ͵ ὕστερον
[3]	ὅμοιον γὰρ ὁ ὕπνος ἐπιλήψει͵	καὶ	ἔστιν τρόπον τινὰ ὁ ὕπνος
[3]	σιτία ἰσχυρότατος ὁ ὕπνος γίγνεται͵	καὶ	ἔστιν ὑπνωτικὰ οἶνος καὶ ἄλλα
[1]	δὲ ἄνευ νόσου γίγνεται͵ ὥστε	καὶ	ἡ ἀδυναμία καὶ ἡ διάλυσις
[2]	γὰρ τὰ ἔναιμα καρδίαν ἔχει͵	καὶ	ἡ ἀρχὴ τῆς κινήσεως καὶ
[1]	γίγνεται͵ ὥστε καὶ ἡ ἀδυναμία	καὶ	ἡ διάλυσις ὡσαύτως ἔσται͵ ἀνάγκη
[2]	αἰσθητηρίῳεἰ δή ἐστιν ὁ ὕπνος	καὶ	ἡ ἐγρήγορσις πάθη τοῦ μορίου
[2]	μορίῳ πρώτῳ γίγνεται ὁ ὕπνος	καὶ	ἡ ἐγρήγορσις͵ φανερόν. Κινοῦνται δ΄
[1]	(οὗ γὰρ ἡ δύναμις͵ τούτου	καὶ	ἡ ἐνέργεια· ἡ δὲ λεγομένη
[3]	δέχεσθαι ῥᾳδίως τὴν ἀναθυμίασιν συμβάλλεται	καὶ	ἡ λεπτότης καὶ (ἡ) στενότης
[3]	ἀναθυμίασιν συμβάλλεται καὶ ἡ λεπτότης	καὶ	(ἡ) στενότης τῶν περὶ τὸν
[2]	μέρους τοῖς ζῴοις ἀφ΄ οὗπερ	καὶ	ἡ τῆς κινήσεως͵ διώρισται πρότερον
[2]	μὲν οὖν κινήσεως φανερὸν ὅτι	καὶ	ἡ τοῦ πνεύματος ἀρχὴ καὶ
[3]	ποιοῦσιν͵ ὅσαι ἀπὸ περιττώματος ὑγροῦ	καὶ	θερμοῦ͵ οἷον συμβαίνει τοῖς πυρέττουσι
[3]	ἐν τῇ κεφαλῇ͵ παχύτατον δὲ	καὶ	θολερώτατον τὸ ἐν τοῖς κάτω
[1]	νόσος͵ καὶ κάλλος καὶ αἶσχος͵	καὶ	ἰσχὺς καὶ ἀσθένεια͵ καὶ ὄψις
[3]	Ἔστι δὲ λεπτότατον μὲν αἷμα	καὶ	καθαρώτατον τὸ ἐν τῇ κεφαλῇ͵
[1]	τούτῳ καὶ ἐγρήγορε τὰ ἐγρηγορότα	καὶ	καθεύδει τὰ καθεύδοντα. Ἐπεὶ δὲ
[3]	ἀρχὴ τούτου τοῦ πάθους καθεύδουσιν͵	καὶ	καθεύδοντες μὲν ἁλίσκονται͵ ἐγρηγορότες δ΄
[1]	δ΄ οἷον ὑγίεια καὶ νόσος͵	καὶ	κάλλος καὶ αἶσχος͵ καὶ ἰσχὺς
[3]	τόποις γένηται͵ ἀθρόον πάλιν ἀντιστρέφει	καὶ	καταφέρεται. Διὸ μάλιστα γίγνονται ὕπνοι
[3]	καὶ μὴ νοσώδης καταφέρεται συνισταμένη	καὶ	καταψύχει τὸ θερμόν. Πρὸς δὲ
[3]	ὑπερβάλλῃ τὸ ἀναχθέν͵ πάλιν ἀνταπωθεῖται	καὶ	κάτω ῥεῖ (διὸ καὶ πίπτουσί
[2]	αὐτὸν τρόπον͵ ἔστι δέ τις	καὶ	κοινὴ δύναμις ἀκολουθοῦσα πάσαις͵ ᾗ
[3]	θερμότητι. Ἐγείρεται δ΄ ὅταν πεφθῇ	καὶ	κρατήσῃ ἡ συνεωσμένη θερμότης ἐν
[2]	γε ὄψει ὁρᾷ ὅτι ὁρᾷ͵	καὶ	κρίνει δὴ καὶ δύναται κρίνειν
[1]	ὄψις καὶ τυφλότης͵ καὶ ἀκοὴ	καὶ	κωφότης. Ἔτι δὲ (καὶ ἐκ
[1]	δὲ τὰ τοιαῦτα πάντα͵ διὸ	καὶ	λάθοι ἄν τινα πολλάκις πότερον
[3]	γὰρ ἔκνοια καὶ πνιγμός τις	καὶ	λειποψυχία ποιεῖ τὴν τοιαύτην ἀδυναμίαν.
[3]	τὸ ὑγρόν͵ τοῖς δὲ νανώδεσι	καὶ	μεγαλοκεφάλοις ἡ ἄνω ὁρμὴ πολλὴ
[2]	ἐπὶ τῶν ὁλοπτέρων͵ οἷον σφηκῶν	καὶ	μελιττῶν͵ καὶ ἐν ταῖς μυίαις
[3]	μέχρι του ὠθεῖσθαι͵ εἶτ΄ ἀντιστρέφειν	καὶ	μεταβάλλειν καθάπερ εὔριπον. Τὸ δὲ
[3]	θερμόν. Πρὸς δὲ τὸ καταψύχεσθαι	καὶ	μὴ δέχεσθαι ῥᾳδίως τὴν ἀναθυμίασιν
[2]	δὲ ἀναίμοις καὶ τοῖς ἐντόμοις	καὶ	μὴ δεχομένοις πνεῦμα ἐν τῷ
[3]	τῆς κεφαλῆς) ἡ δὲ τρόφιμος	καὶ	μὴ νοσώδης καταφέρεται συνισταμένη καὶ
[2]	ἐν τῷ τὰς αἰσθήσεις ἀργεῖν	καὶ	μὴ χρῆσθαι αὐταῖς ὁ ὕπνος͵
[1]	πάθη͵ λέγω δ΄ οἷον ὑγίεια	καὶ	νόσος͵ καὶ κάλλος καὶ αἶσχος͵
[3]	μανδραγόρας͵ οἶνος͵ αἶραι. Καὶ καταφερόμενοι	καὶ	νυστάζοντες τοῦτο δοκοῦσι πάσχειν͵ καὶ
[1]	ζῴου ἥ τε ἐγρήγορσις ὑπάρχει	καὶ	ὁ ὕπνος· ἀντίκεινται γάρ͵ καὶ
[2]	τούτου ἐστὶ πάθος ἡ ἐγρήγορσις	καὶ	ὁ ὕπνος. Διὸ καὶ πᾶσιν
[3]	τοῦ αἰσθητικοῦ συμβαίνει ἡ ἐγρήγορσις	καὶ	ὁ ὕπνος. Οὐ γάρ ἐστιν
[2]	(καὶ γὰρ τὸ τίνος ἕνεκεν͵	καὶ	ὅθεν ἡ ἀρχὴ τῆς κινήσεως͵
[3]	καταψύχει διὰ τὴν κίνησιν͵ οὕτω	καὶ	οἱ ἐν τῇ κεφαλῇ πόροι
[3]	ἀναθυμίασις εἰς φλέγμα συνίσταται (διὸ	καὶ	οἱ κατάρροι φαίνονται γιγνόμενοι ἐκ
[3]	οἱ ἀδηλόφλεβοι καὶ οἱ νανώδεις	καὶ	οἱ μεγαλοκέφαλοι· τῶν μὲν γὰρ
[3]	ὅλον δὲ φίλυπνοι οἱ ἀδηλόφλεβοι	καὶ	οἱ νανώδεις καὶ οἱ μεγαλοκέφαλοι·
[1]	τρόπον τινὰ τὴν μὲν ἀκινησίαν	καὶ	οἷον δεσμὸν τὸν ὕπνον εἶναί
[3]	τίτθας) ἀλλὰ δεῖ πίνειν ὑδαρῆ	καὶ	ὀλίγον· πνευματῶδες γὰρ ὁ οἶ
[2]	καὶ ἡ τοῦ πνεύματος ἀρχὴ	καὶ	ὅλως ἡ τῆς καταψύξεώς ἐστιν
[2]	μελιττῶν͵ καὶ ἐν ταῖς μυίαις	καὶ	ὅσα τοιαῦτα. Ἐπεὶ δὲ κινεῖν
[2]	κοινὴ δύναμις ἀκολουθοῦσα πάσαις͵ ᾗ	καὶ	ὅτι ὁρᾷ καὶ ἀκούει αἰσθάνεται
[1]	εἶναι χωριστόν ἐστιν) ὁμοίως δὲ	καὶ	ὅτι οὐδέν ἐστιν ὃ ἀεὶ
[1]	χρόνον δυνάμενον αἰσθάνεσθαι συνεχῶς͵ ἀδυνατήσει	καὶ	οὐκέτι τοῦτο ποιήσει. Εἰ τοίνυν
[1]	αἶσχος͵ καὶ ἰσχὺς καὶ ἀσθένεια͵	καὶ	ὄψις καὶ τυφλότης͵ καὶ ἀκοὴ
[2]	ἐγρήγορσις καὶ ὁ ὕπνος. Διὸ	καὶ	πᾶσιν ὑπάρχει τοῖς ζῴοις· καὶ
[1]	ἀδυνατεῖν͵ οἷον τὰ ὄμματα ὁρῶντα͵	καὶ	παύεσθαι τοῦτο ποιοῦντα͵ ὁμοίως δὲ
[1]	ὕπνου͵ καὶ πλωτὰ καὶ πτηνὰ	καὶ	πεζά· καὶ γὰρ τὰ τῶν
[2]	δὲ νῦν λέγομεν͵ εὐλόγως ἔχει	καὶ	περὶ τούτων· τοῦ γὰρ κυρίου
[3]	ἀνταπωθεῖται καὶ κάτω ῥεῖ (διὸ	καὶ	πίπτουσί γε ὑποσπωμένου τοῦ θερμοῦ
[1]	σχεδὸν ἅπαντα δῆλα κοινωνοῦνθ΄ ὕπνου͵	καὶ	πλωτὰ καὶ πτηνὰ καὶ πεζά·
[3]	καθάπερ εἴρηται· καὶ γὰρ ἔκνοια	καὶ	πνιγμός τις καὶ λειποψυχία ποιεῖ
[3]	εἰρημένων ἐστὶν ἐπελθεῖν τίνων γιγνομένων	καὶ	πόθεν ἡ ἀρχὴ τοῦ πάθους
[3]	ἀναφέρεται. Ἱστάμενον μὲν οὖν βαρύνει	καὶ	ποιεῖ νυστάζειν· ὅταν δὲ ῥέψῃ
[2]	δ΄ αἰτίαν συμβαίνει τὸ καθεύδειν͵	καὶ	ποῖόν τι τὸ πάθος ἐστί͵
[2]	φανερόν. Κινοῦνται δ΄ ἔνιοι καθεύδοντες	καὶ	ποιοῦσι πολλὰ ἐγρηγορικά͵ οὐ μέντοι
[3]	φλέβας͵ ἐκεῖ δὲ μεταβάλλουσα ἐξαιματοῦται	καὶ	πορεύεται ἐπὶ τὴν ἀρχήν. Εἴρηται
[1]	τίν΄ αἰτίαν ὑπάρχει τοῖς ζῴοις·	καὶ	πότερον ἅπαντα κεκοινώνηκεν ἀμφοτέρων͵ ἢ
[1]	γίγνεται͵ διὰ τίνα αἰτίαν γίγνεται·	καὶ	πότερον ἐνδέχεται τὰ μέλλοντα προορᾶν
[1]	ἐπισκεπτέον τίνα τε τυγχάνει ὄντα͵	καὶ	πότερον ἴδια τῆς ψυχῆς ἢ
[1]	καὶ τίνα τρόπον εἰ ἐνδέχεται·	καὶ	πότερον τὰ μέλλοντα ὑπ΄ ἀνθρώπου
[2]	ὑπάρχειν. Ἔτι δὲ ποίας κινήσεως	καὶ	πράξεως ἐν τοῖς σώμασι γιγνομένης
[2]	κυρίου τῶν ἄλλων πάντων αἰσθητηρίου͵	καὶ	πρὸς ὃ συντείνει τἆλλα͵ πεπονθότος
[1]	δῆλα κοινωνοῦνθ΄ ὕπνου͵ καὶ πλωτὰ	καὶ	πτηνὰ καὶ πεζά· καὶ γὰρ
[3]	τινὰ ὁ ὕπνος ἐπίληψις. Διὸ	καὶ	συμβαίνει τισὶν ἡ ἀρχὴ τούτου
[2]	κινεῖσθαι͵ μὴ δυναμένῳ δ΄ ἀεὶ	καὶ	συνεχῶς κινεῖσθαι μεθ΄ ἡδονῆς͵ ἀναγκαῖον
[3]	καταβαῖνον πάλιν τὰς φλέβας ὀγκοῖ͵	καὶ	συνθλίβει τὸν πόρον δι΄ οὗ
[2]	ἀνάλογον τὸ σύμφυτον πνεῦμα ἀναφυσώμενον	καὶ	συνιζάνον φαίνεται. Δῆλον δὲ τοῦτο
[3]	διὰ τὴν ψυχρότητα αὐτοῦ καταψύχεται	καὶ	συστὰν καταφέρεται (γενόμενον πάλιν ὕδωρ͵
[3]	τὸν θρεπτικὸν τόπον ψυχρὸν ποιεῖ	καὶ	τὰ ἄλλα μόρια͵ ὅπου ἂν
[3]	καὶ ἀδυνατοῦσιν αἴρειν τὴν κεφαλὴν	καὶ	τὰ βλέφαρα. Καὶ μετὰ τὰ
[3]	καρηβαρίαν ποιεῖ͵ καὶ τὰ ποτὰ	καὶ	τὰ βρωτά͵ μήκων͵ μανδραγόρας͵ οἶνος͵
[3]	οἷον τὰ περὶ τοὺς πόδας	καὶ	τὰ εἴσω. Καίτοι τοῦτό τις
[1]	καὶ γὰρ τὰ σκληρόφθαλμα φανερὰ	καὶ	τὰ ἔντομα κοιμώμενα· βραχύυπνα δὲ
[3]	καὶ τὰ μὲν ἄνω κατέψυκται	καὶ	τὰ ἔξω͵ τὰ δ΄ ἔντος
[3]	τὰ ἔξω͵ τὰ δ΄ ἔντος	καὶ	τὰ κάτω θερμά͵ οἷον τὰ
[2]	τἆλλα͵ πεπονθότος τι συμπάσχειν (ἀναγκαῖον	καὶ	τὰ λοιπὰ πάντα͵ ἐκείνων δέ
[3]	διὰ ψῦξιν καταπίπτει τὰ βλέφαρα͵	καὶ	τὰ μὲν ἄνω κατέψυκται καὶ
[3]	ὑπνωτικά· πάντα γὰρ καρηβαρίαν ποιεῖ͵	καὶ	τὰ ποτὰ καὶ τὰ βρωτά͵
[1]	τὰ τῶν ἰχθύων γένη πάντα	καὶ	τὰ τῶν μαλακίων ὦπται καθεύδοντα͵
[3]	ζῷον καθεύδει. Σημεῖον δὲ τούτων	καὶ	τὰ ὑπνωτικά· πάντα γὰρ καρηβαρίαν
[2]	τῇ δ΄ ἀκοῇ τὸ ἀκούειν͵	καὶ	ταῖς ἄλλαις ἑκάστῃ κατὰ τὸν
[1]	τὰ τῶν μαλακίων ὦπται καθεύδοντα͵	καὶ	τἆλλα πάντα ὅσαπερ ἔχει ὀφθαλμούς·
[1]	εἶναί φαμεν͵ τὴν δὲ λύσιν	καὶ	τὴν ἄνεσιν ἐγρήγορσιν. Τῶν δὲ
[2]	οἷον ὄψιν͵ τὴν δ΄ ἁφὴν	καὶ	τὴν γεῦσιν ἅπαντα ἔχει͵ πλὴν
[2]	ὅθεν ἡ ἀρχὴ τῆς κινήσεως͵	καὶ	τὴν ὕλην καὶ τὸν λόγον
[2]	καὶ ἡ ἀρχὴ τῆς κινήσεως	καὶ	τῆς αἰσθήσεως τῆς κυρίας ἐντεῦθέν
[3]	φλεβός͵ τῆς τε μεγάλης καλουμένης	καὶ	τῆς ἀορτῆς· ἐν δὲ τῇ
[2]	διωρισμένων τόπων ὁ μέσος κεφαλῆς	καὶ	τῆς κάτω κοιλίας. Τοῖς μὲν
[3]	ἀθρόως ἐπὶ τὸ πρῶτον αἰσθητήριον·	καὶ	τί ἐστιν ὁ ὕπνος͵ ὅτι
[3]	τὰς ἀρχὰς τῆς κινήσεως θεωρήσωμεν͵	καὶ	τί πάσχοντος τοῦ μορίου τοῦ
[1]	μέλλοντα προορᾶν ἢ οὐκ ἐνδέχεται͵	καὶ	τίνα τρόπον εἰ ἐνδέχεται· καὶ
[2]	ἡ τῆς καταψύξεώς ἐστιν ἐνταῦθα͵	καὶ	τὸ ἀναπνεῖν τε καὶ τὸ
[1]	ὑπάρχει τούτων. Σημεῖον δ΄ ὅτι	καὶ	τὸ ἔργον τὸ αὑτοῦ ποιεῖ
[3]	θερμόν͵ τότε γίγνεται ὁ ὕπνος	καὶ	τὸ ζῷον καθεύδει. Σημεῖον δὲ
[3]	διακριθῇ τό τε σωματωδέστερον αἷμα	καὶ	τὸ καθαρώτερον. Ἔστι δὲ λεπτότατον
[2]	σώμασι γιγνομένης συμβαίνει τότε ἐγρηγορέναι	καὶ	τὸ καθεύδειν τοῖς ζῴοις͵ μετὰ
[3]	θερμοῦ ἀθροιζόμενον τὸ ψυχρὸν καταψύχει͵	καὶ	τὸ κατὰ φύσιν θερμὸν ποιεῖ
[2]	ἔστι μὲν γὰρ μία αἴσθησις͵	καὶ	τὸ κύριον αἰσθητήριον ἕν͵ τὸ
[1]	ἐγρήγορσις· οἷς δ΄ αἴσθησις ὑπάρχει͵	καὶ	τὸ λυπεῖσθαι καὶ τὸ χαίρειν·
[3]	γὰρ πολὺ τό τε ὑγρὸν	καὶ	τὸ σωματῶδες ἀναφέρεται. Ἱστάμενον μὲν
[2]	ἐνταῦθα͵ καὶ τὸ ἀναπνεῖν τε	καὶ	τὸ τῷ ὑγρῷ καταψύχεσθαι πρός
[3]	λειποψυχήσαντα͵ ἐνδέχοιτ΄ ἂν ἐνύπνιον εἶναι	καὶ	τὸ φάντασμα. Πολλὰ δ΄ ἐστὶν
[2]	ἐγρήγορσις τέλος· τὸ γὰρ αἰσθάνεσθαι	καὶ	τὸ φρονεῖν πᾶσι τέλος οἷς
[1]	αἴσθησις ὑπάρχει͵ καὶ τὸ λυπεῖσθαι	καὶ	τὸ χαίρειν· οἷς δὲ ταῦτα͵
[2]	μὲν γὰρ τοῦτ΄ ἀδυνατήσῃ͵ ἀνάγκη	καὶ	τοῖς αἰσθητηρίοις πᾶσιν ἀδυνατεῖν αἰσθέσθαι͵
[2]	καθ΄ αὑτήν. Τοῖς δὲ ἀναίμοις	καὶ	τοῖς ἐντόμοις καὶ μὴ δεχομένοις
[1]	τὸν δὲ αἰσθανόμενον ἐγρηγορέναι νομίζομεν͵	καὶ	τὸν ἐγρηγορότα πάντα ἢ τῶν
[3]	μέλαινα χολὴ φύσει ψυχρὰ οὖσα	καὶ	τὸν θρεπτικὸν τόπον ψυχρὸν ποιεῖ
[1]	γὰρ τὸν ἐγρηγορότα γνωρίζομεν͵ τούτῳ	καὶ	τὸν καθυπνοῦντα· τὸν δὲ αἰσθανόμενον
[2]	τῆς κινήσεως͵ καὶ τὴν ὕλην	καὶ	τὸν λόγον αἴτιον εἶναί φαμεν)
[3]	οἱ ἐν τῇ κεφαλῇ πόροι	καὶ	τόποι καταψύχονται ἀναφερομένης τῆς ἀναθυμιάσεως;
[1]	τῷ αὐτῷ δεκτικῷ φαίνεται γιγνόμενα͵	καὶ	τοῦ αὐτοῦ ὄντα πάθη͵ λέγω
[3]	τοῦτ΄ εἶναι τὸ πάθος αἴτιον	καὶ	τοῦ ἠρεμεῖν ἐν ταῖς μήτραις
[3]	πάθους γίγνεται͵ τοῦ τ΄ ἐγρηγορέναι	καὶ	τοῦ καθεύδειν. Φανερὸν δὴ ὅτι
[1]	λεγομένων ὡς μορίων τῆς ψυχῆς͵	καὶ	τοῦ μὲν θρεπτικοῦ χωριζομένου τῶν
[1]	τινός ἐστιν ἔργον τὸ αἰσθάνεσθαι͵	καὶ	τοῦτο͵ ἂν ὑπερβάλλῃ ὅσον ἦν
[3]	πνευματῶδες γὰρ ὁ οἶ νος	καὶ	τούτου μᾶλλον ὁ μέλας. Οὕτω
[2]	ἀνάγκης τινὰ ὑπάρχειν αὐτῷ δεῖ͵	καὶ	τούτων ὑπαρχόντων ἕτερα ὑπάρχειν. Ἔτι
[1]	ἰσχὺς καὶ ἀσθένεια͵ καὶ ὄψις	καὶ	τυφλότης͵ καὶ ἀκοὴ καὶ κωφότης.
[1]	μὴ χωριστόν· τῇ γὰρ δυνάμει	καὶ	τῷ εἶναι χωριστόν ἐστιν) ὁμοίως
[3]	κατὰ φύσιν θερμὸν ποιεῖ ἐξαδυνατεῖν	καὶ	ὑποχωρεῖν; ἔτι δὲ πολλῆς ἐμπιπτούσης
[1]	καὶ ὁ ὕπνος· ἀντίκεινται γάρ͵	καὶ	φαίνεται στέρησίς τις ὁ ὕπνος
[3]	ἀδυναμίαν. Ἤδη δὲ γεγένηταί τισι	καὶ	φαντασία λειποψυχήσασιν ἰσχυρῶς. Τοῦτο μὲν
[1]	δῆλον ὡς ὅσα μὲν αὐξήσεως	καὶ	φθίσεως μετέχει μόνον τῶν ζώντων͵
[1]	τὸ δαιμόνιον ἔχει τὴν αἰτίαν͵	καὶ	φύσει γίγνεται ἢ ἀπὸ ταὐτομάτου.
[1]	παύεσθαι τοῦτο ποιοῦντα͵ ὁμοίως δὲ	καὶ	χεῖρα καὶ ἄλλο πᾶν οὗ
[2]	γένους ἑκάστου ἕτερον͵ οἷον ψόφου	καὶ	χρώματος) τοῦτο δ΄ ἅμα τῷ
[1]	ὑπ΄ ἀνθρώπου πράσσεσθαι μόνον͵ ἢ	καὶ	ὧν τὸ δαιμόνιον ἔχει τὴν
[2]	κινεῖσθαι μεθ΄ ἡδονῆς͵ ἀναγκαῖον εἶναι	καὶ	ὠφέλιμον͵ τῷ δὲ ὕπνῳ αὐτῇ

UCL |FLTR |Itinera Electronica |Bibliotheca Classica Selecta (BCS) |
Responsable académique : Alain Meurant
Analyse, design et réalisation informatiques : B. Maroutaeff - J. Schumacher
Dernière mise à jour : 12/11/2009