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Denys d'Halicarnasse, Les Antiquités romaines, livre VII

Chapitre 25

  Chapitre 25

[7,25] Τοιαῦτ´ εἰπόντος τοῦ Μαρκίου διέστησαν αἱ γνῶμαι τῶν συνέδρων, καὶ θόρυβος ἐν αὐτοῖς ἐγίνετο πολύς. οἱ μὲν γὰρ ἐξ ἀρχῆς ἐναντίοι τοῖς δημοτικοῖς καὶ τὰς διαλλαγὰς παρὰ γνώμην ὑπομείναντες, ἐν οἷς τε νεότης ὀλίγου δεῖν πᾶσα ἦν καὶ τῶν πρεσβυτέρων οἱ πλουσιώτατοί τε καὶ φιλοτιμότατοι, βαρέως φέροντες οἱ μὲν ἐπὶ ταῖς περὶ τὰ συμβόλαια βλάβαις, οἱ δ´ ἐπὶ τῇ περὶ τὰς τιμὰς ἐλαττώσει ἐπῄνουν τὸν ἄνδρα ὡς γενναῖον καὶ φιλόπολιν καὶ τὰ κράτιστα τῷ κοινῷ λέγοντα· οἱ δὲ δημοτικὰς ἔχοντες τὰς προαιρέσεις τῶν τρόπων καὶ τὸν πλοῦτον οὐ πέρα τοῦ δέοντος ἐκτετιμηκότες τῆς τ´ εἰρήνης οὐδὲν ἀναγκαιότερον ὑπολαμβάνοντες ἤχθοντο τοῖς λεγομένοις ὑπ´ αὐτοῦ καὶ τὴν γνώμην οὐ προσίεντο· ἠξίουν τε μὴ τοῖς βιαίοις, ἀλλὰ τοῖς εὐγνώμοσι περιεῖναι τῶν ταπεινοτέρων, μηδ´ ἀπρεπές, ἀλλ´ ἀναγκαῖον ἡγεῖσθαι τὸ ἐπιεικές, ἄλλως τε καὶ πρὸς τοὺς συμπολιτευομένους ἐπ´ εὐνοίᾳ γινόμενον· μανίαν τ´ ἀπέφαινον αὐτοῦ τὴν συμβουλήν, οὐ παρρησίαν οὐδὲ ἐλευθερίαν. βραχὺ μὲν οὖν τοῦτο τὸ μέρος καὶ ἀσθενὲς ὂν περιεωθεῖτο ὑπὸ τοῦ βιαιοτέρου. ταῦτα δ´ ὁρῶντες οἱ δήμαρχοι· παρῆσαν γὰρ τῷ συνεδρίῳ παρακληθέντες ὑπὸ τῶν ὑπάτων· ἐβόων τε καὶ ἤσπαιρον καὶ τὸν Μάρκιον λυμεῶνα καὶ ὄλεθρον τῆς πόλεως ἀπεκάλουν πονηροὺς διεξιόντα κατὰ τοῦ δήμου λόγους, καὶ εἰ μὴ κωλύσειαν αὐτὸν οἱ πατρίκιοι πόλεμον ἐμφύλιον εἰς τὴν πόλιν εἰσάγοντα θανάτῳ ζημιώσαντες φυγῇ, αὐτοὶ ποιήσειν τοῦτ´ ἔλεγον. θορύβου δ´ ἔτι πλείονος ἐπὶ τοῖς λόγοις τῶν δημάρχων γενομένου, καὶ μάλιστ´ ἐκ τῶν νεωτέρων τὰς ἀπειλὰς δυσανασχετούντων ἐπαρθεὶς τούτοις Μάρκιος αὐθαδέστερον ἤδη καθήπτετο τῶν δημάρχων καὶ θρασύτερον· Εἰ μὴ παύσεσθε μέντοι, λέγων, ταράττοντες τὴν πόλιν ὑμεῖς καὶ ἐκδημαγωγοῦντες τοὺς ἀπόρους, οὐκέτι λόγῳ διοίσομαι πρὸς ὑμᾶς, ἀλλ´ ἔργῳ. [7,25] (p219) After this speech of Marcius the opinions of the senators were divided and a great tumult arose among them. For those who from the beginning had opposed the plebeians and submitted to the accommodation against their will, among whom were almost all the youth and the richest and most ambitious of the older senators, some of them resenting the losses sustained in the loans they had made under contract and others their defeat when they sought office, applauded Marcius as a man of spirit and a lover of his country, who advised what was best for the commonwealth. On the other hand, the senators whose sympathies were with the populace and who set no undue value on riches and thought nothing was or necessary than peace, were offended at his speech and rejected his advice. These maintained that they ought to surpass the humbler citizens, not in violence, but in kindness, and that they ought to regard reasonableness as not unbecoming, but necessary, particularly when it was manifested out of goodwill towards their fellow-citizens; and they declared that the advice of Marcius was madness, not frankness of speech or liberty. But this group was small and weak, and hence was overborne by the more violent party. The tribunes, seeing this — for they were present in the senate at the invitation of the consuls — cried out and were in great conflict of mind, calling Marcius the pest and bane of the state for uttering malicious words against the populace; and unless the patricians should prevent his design of introducing civil war into the state by punishing him with death or banishment, they said they would do so themselves. When a still greater tumult arose at (p221) these words of the tribunes, particularly on the part of the younger senators, who bore their threats with impatience, Marcius, inspired by these manifestations, now attacked the tribunes with greater arrogance and boldness, saying to them: "Unless you cease disturbing the commonwealth and stirring up the poor by your harangues, I shall no longer oppose you with words, but with deeds."


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Dernière mise à jour : 9/01/2007