[4,15] Διεῖλε δὲ καὶ τὴν χώραν ἅπασαν, ὡς μὲν Φάβιός φησιν, εἰς μοίρας ἕξ τε καὶ εἴκοσιν, ἃς καὶ αὐτὰς καλεῖ φυλὰς καὶ τὰς ἀστικὰς προστιθεὶς αὐταῖς τέτταρας· ὡς δὲ Οὐεννώνιος ἱστόρηκεν, εἰς μίαν τε καὶ τριάκοντα, ὥστε σὺν ταῖς κατὰ πόλιν οὔσαις ἐκπεπληρῶσθαι τὰς ἔτι καὶ εἰς ἡμᾶς ὑπαρχούσας τριάκοντα καὶ πέντε φυλάς· Κάτων μέντοι τούτων ἀμφοτέρων ἀξιοπιστότερος ὢν τριάκοντα φυλὰς ἐπὶ Τυλλίου τὰς πάσας γενέσθαι λέγει καὶ οὐ χωρίζει τῶν μοιρῶν τὸν ἀριθμόν. διελὼν δ´ οὖν ὁ Τύλλιος εἰς ὁπόσας δήποτε μοίρας τὴν γῆν κατὰ τοὺς ὀρεινοὺς καὶ πολὺ τὸ ἀσφαλὲς τοῖς γεωργοῖς παρέχειν δυνησομένους ὄχθους κρησφύγετα κατεσκεύασεν, Ἑλληνικοῖς ὀνόμασιν αὐτὰ καλῶν Πάγους, ἔνθα συνέφευγον ἐκ τῶν ἀγρῶν ἅπαντες, ὁπότε γένοιτο πολεμίων ἔφοδος, καὶ τὰ πολλὰ διενυκτέρευον ἐνταῦθα. ἄρχοντες δὲ καὶ τούτων ἦσαν, οἷς ἐπιμελὲς ἐγίνετο τά τ´ ὀνόματα τῶν γεωργῶν εἰδέναι τῶν συντελούντων εἰς τὸν αὐτὸν πάγον, καὶ τὰς κτήσεις, ἐν αἷς ὁ βίος αὐτῶν ἦν· καὶ ὁπότε χρεία γένοιτο ἐπὶ τὰ ὅπλα τοὺς χωρίτας καλεῖν ἢ χρημάτων εἰσφορὰς κατ´ ἄνδρα ἐκλέγειν, οὗτοι τά τε σώματα συνῆγον καὶ τὰ χρήματα εἰσέπραττον. ἵνα δὲ καὶ τούτων ἡ πληθὺς μὴ δυσεύρετος, ἀλλ´ εὐλόγιστος ᾖ καὶ φανερά, βωμοὺς ἐκέλευσεν αὐτοῖς ἱδρύσασθαι θεῶν ἐπισκόπων τε καὶ φυλάκων τοῦ πάγου, οὓς ἔταξε θυσίαις κοιναῖς γεραίρειν καθ´ ἕκαστον ἐνιαυτὸν ἅμα συνερχομένους, ἑορτήν τινα καὶ ταύτην ἐν τοῖς πάνυ τιμίαν καταστησάμενος, τὰ καλούμενα Παγανάλια· καὶ νόμους ὑπὲρ τῶν ἱερῶν τούτων, οὓς ἔτι διὰ φυλακῆς ἔχουσι Ῥωμαῖοι, συνέγραψεν. εἰς δὲ τὴν θυσίαν ταύτην καὶ τὴν σύνοδον ἅπαντας ἐκέλευσε τοὺς ὁμοπάγους κατὰ κεφαλὴν ὡρισμένον νόμισμά τι συνεισφέρειν, ἕτερον μέν τι τοὺς ἄνδρας, ἕτερον δέ τι τὰς γυναῖκας, ἄλλο δέ τι τοὺς ἀνήβους. ἐξ οὗ συναριθμηθέντος ὑπὸ τῶν ἐφεστηκότων τοῖς ἱεροῖς φανερὸς ὁ τῶν ἀνθρώπων ἀριθμὸς ἐγίνετο κατὰ γένη τε καὶ καθ´ ἡλικίας. ὡς δὲ Πείσων Λεύκιος ἐν τῇ πρώτῃ τῶν ἐνιαυσίων ἀναγραφῶν ἱστορεῖ, βουλόμενος καὶ τῶν ἐν ἄστει διατριβόντων τὸ πλῆθος εἰδέναι, τῶν τε γεννωμένων καὶ τῶν ἀπογινομένων καὶ τῶν εἰς ἄνδρας ἐγγραφομένων, ἔταξεν ὅσον ἔδει νόμισμα καταφέρειν ὑπὲρ ἑκάστου τοὺς προσήκοντας, εἰς μὲν τὸν τῆς Εἰλειθυίας θησαυρόν, ἣν Ῥωμαῖοι καλοῦσιν Ἥραν φωσφόρον, ὑπὲρ τῶν γεννωμένων· εἰς δὲ τὸν τῆς Ἀφροδίτης τῆς ἐν ἄλσει καθιδρυμένης, ἣν προσαγορεύουσι Λιβιτίνην, ὑπὲρ τῶν ἀπογινομένων· εἰς δὲ τὸν τῆς Νεότητος, ὑπὲρ τῶν εἰς ἄνδρας ἀρχομένων συντελεῖν· ἐξ ὧν ἤμελλε διαγνώσεσθαι καθ´ ἕκαστον ἐνιαυτόν, ὅσοι τε οἱ σύμπαντες ἦσαν καὶ τίνες ἐξ αὐτῶν τὴν στρατεύσιμον ἡλικίαν εἶχον. ταῦτα καταστησάμενος ἐκέλευσεν ἅπαντας Ῥωμαίους ἀπογράφεσθαί τε καὶ τιμᾶσθαι τὰς οὐσίας πρὸς ἀργύριον ὀμόσαντας τὸν νόμιμον ὅρκον, ἦ μὲν τἀληθῆ καὶ ἀπὸ παντὸς τοῦ βελτίστου τετιμῆσθαι, πατέρων τε ὧν εἰσι γράφοντας καὶ ἡλικίαν ἣν ἔχουσι δηλοῦντας γυναῖκάς τε καὶ παῖδας ὀνομάζοντας καὶ ἐν τίνι κατοικοῦσιν ἕκαστοι τῆς πόλεως φυλῇ ἢ πάγῳ τῆς χώρας προστιθέντας· τῷ δὲ μὴ τιμησαμένῳ τιμωρίαν ὥρισε τῆς τ´ οὐσίας στέρεσθαι καὶ αὐτὸν μαστιγωθέντα πραθῆναι· καὶ μέχρι πολλοῦ διέμεινε παρὰ Ῥωμαίοις οὗτος ὁ νόμος.

[4,15] Tullius also divided the country as a whole (p317) into twenty-six parts, according to Fabius, who calls these divisions tribes also and, adding the four city tribes to them, says that there were thirty tribes in all under Tullius. But according to Vennonius he divided the country into thirty-one parts, so that with the four city tribes the number was rounded out to the thirty-five tribes that exist down to our day. However, Cato, who is more worthy of credence than either of these authors, does not specify the number of the parts into which the country was divided. After Tullius, therefore, had divided the country into a certain number of parts, whatever that number was, he built places of refuge upon such lofty eminences as could afford ample security for the husbandmen, and called them by a Greek name, pagi or "hills." Thither all the inhabitants fled from the fields whenever a raid was made by enemies, and generally passed the night there. These places also had their governors, whose duty it was to know not only the names of all the husbandmen who belonged to the same district but also the lands which afforded them their livelihood. And whenever there was occasion to summon the countrymen to take arms or to collect the taxes that were assessed against each of them, these governors assembled the men together and collected the money. And in order that the number of these husbandmen might not be hard to ascertain, but might be easy to compute and be known at once, he ordered them to (p319) erect altars to the gods who presided over and were guardians of the district, and directed them to assemble every year and honour these gods with public sacrifices. This occasion also he made one of the most solemn festivals, calling it the Paganalia; and he drew up laws concerning these sacrifices, which the Romans still observe. Towards the expense of this sacrifice and of this assemblage he ordered all those of the same district to contribute each of them a certain piece of money, the men paying one kind, the women another and the children a third kind. When these pieces of money were counted by those who presided over the sacrifices, the number of people, distinguished by their sex and age, became known. And wishing also, as Lucius Piso writes in the first book of his Annals, to know the number of the inhabitants of the city, and of all who were born and died and arrived at the age of manhood, he prescribed the piece of money which their relations were to pay for each — into the treasury of Ilithiya (called by the Romans Juno Lucina) for those who were born, into that of the Venus of the Grove (called by them Libitina) for those who died, and into the treasury of Juventas for those who were arriving at manhood. By means of these pieces of money he would know every year both the number of all the inhabitants and which of them were of military age. (p321) After he had made these regulations, he ordered all the Romans to register their names and give in a monetary valuation of their property, at the same time taking the oath required by law that they had given in a true valuation in good faith; they were also to set down the names of their fathers, with their own age and the names of their wives and children, and every man was to declare in what tribe of the city or in what district of the country he lived. If any failed to give in their valuation, the penalty he established was that their property should be forfeited and they themselves whipped and sold for slaves. This law continued in force among the Romans for a long time.