[203] δεῖν αὐτὸν καὶ ἀνάγκην εἶναι πανταχοῖ (203) περιφοιτᾶν τῆς ἀρχῆς ἑκόντα τε καὶ ἄκοντα, εἰ μέλλοι βασιλεύειν, ὁρῶντα εἰς τὴν βύρσαν, ὡς ἐφ´ ἃ μὲν αὐτῆς βαίνοι ταπεινὰ ἐγίγνετο καὶ τῆς γῆς ἔψαυεν, ἀφ´ ὧν δὲ ἀπαλλάττοιτο, αὖθις ἀνίστατο καὶ πάλιν πατοῦντος ἐταπεινοῦτο. μετανάσται τινὲς βασιλεῖς καὶ Σκυθῶν τῶν νομάδων τοσοῦτον διέφερον, ὅσον οὐκ ἐφ´ ἁμαξῶν περιῄεσαν, ἀλλ´ ἐφ´ ἁρμαμαξῶν· νομάδες τινὲς βασιλεῖς καὶ πλάνητες διὰ τὴν ἀπιστίαν καὶ τὸν φόβον τῆς ἐν ταὐτῷ καθέδρας, πιέζοντες ὡς ἀληθῶς ὥσπερ τινὰ βύρσαν τὴν ἑαυτῶν χώραν καὶ τούτῳ κρατοῦντες νῦν μὲν Βαβυλῶνα, πάλιν δὲ Σοῦσα, εἶτα Ἐκβάτανα, οὐχ ὅπως ἂν ἀεὶ κατέχειν εἰδότες οὐδὲ τημελοῦντες ὥσπερ νομεῖς. καὶ γὰρ τοιαῦτα ἦν ὡς ἀληθῶς, ὥσπερ ἀπιστούντων μὴ αὑτῶν εἶναι τὴν ἀρχήν. οὐ γὰρ ὡς οἰκείων ἐφρόντιζον, οὐδὲ ηὖξον εἰς κάλλος καὶ μέγεθος οὔτε τὰς πόλεις οὔτε τὰς χώρας, ἀλλ´ ὥσπερ οἱ εἰς μὴ προσήκοντα ἐμπεσόντες αἰσχρῶς καὶ κακῶς ἀνήλισκον, τοῦτο ζητοῦντες, ὅπως ἀσθενεστάτων ἄρξουσι, καὶ ὥσπερ ὑπὲρ μιαιφονιῶν ἁμιλλώμενοι πρὸς ἀλλήλους ὁ δεύτερος ἀεὶ τὸν πρότερον κατὰ τοὺς πεντάθλους ὑπερβαλεῖν ἐπειρᾶτο. καὶ ἦν ἀγώνισμα ὡς πλείστους ἀποσφάξαι καὶ ὡς πλείστους ἀναστάτους ποιῆσαι οἴκους καὶ δήμους καὶ ὅρκους ὡς πλείστους ψεύσασθαι· ταῦτά τε δὴ τῆς περιβλέπτου δυνάμεως ἀπέλαυον καὶ ἃ τούτοις αὖ παρέπεσθαι φύσεως νόμος διέταξε, μίση καὶ ἐπιβουλὰς ἐκ τῶν οὕτω διατεθειμένων καὶ ἀποστάσεις καὶ μάχας ἐν ἀλλήλοις καὶ συνεχεῖς ἔριδας καὶ ἀπαύστους φιλονεικίας. αὐτοὶ μὲν δὴ ταῦτα ἀπέλαυον, ὥσπερ ἐκ κατάρας μᾶλλον ἄρχοντες ἢ κατ´ εὐχὴν, οἱ δὲ ἀρχόμενοι πάντα ἃ τοὺς ὑπὸ τῶν τοιούτων ἀρχομένους ἀνάγκη, σχεδὸν δέ τι καὶ προείρηται. φοβερὸν μὲν γὰρ ἦν γονεῦσι παιδὸς εὐμορφία, φοβερὸν δὲ γυναικὸς ἀνδρί·

[203] "If you mean to go on ruling, you must without fall, whether you like it or not, travel constantly throughout the empire and keep an eye on your purse. Any part of it that you come to flattens down and touches the ground; when you move on, it springs back up, and flattens as you step on it again". Mere vagabond kings, like the nomadic Scythians except for traveling in carriages instead of carts; {mere nomad, wandering kings}. Because they felt uneasy and afraid to stay in one place, they would really squeeze their country like a purse; thus they would occupy first Babylon, then Susa, then Ecbatana. They did not know how to keep their subjects down; neither did they tend them like shepherds. It was indeed as though they doubted whether the empire was theirs. They did not look out for it as their own. They improved and enlarged neither the cities nor the countryside. Like men who have had a windfall, they squandered it shamefully, vilely. Their aim was to weaken their subjects to the utmost. They vied with one another in bloodshed : the next king would always have a field-day trying to outdo his predecessor. It was a contest, who could kill the most people, lay waste the most households and settlements, and break the most oaths? This is what they got out of their far-famed might — this, and all that kas been ordained by the law of nature to accompany it — hatred, plots hatched by those whom they exasperated so, revolts, civil war, continuous dissensions, and endless feuds. What they got out of ruling was more like a curse than a prayer fulfilled. Their subjects got out of it all that the subjects of such rulers are bound to get. I have practically stated it before. A child's beauty was terrifying to his parents, a wife's to her husband.