[4,50] ἐπεπόνθει γὰρ τοὐναντίον ἤ φησιν Ὅμηρος τὸν Ἀχιλλέα νεκρὸν πεπονθέναι. ἐκεῖνος μὲν γὰρ ἔλεγεν ὅτι ζῶν βούλοιτο θητεύειν ἀνδρὶ παρ´ ἀκλήρῳ, ᾧ μὴ βίοτος πολὺς εἴη, ἢ πᾶσιν νεκύεσσι καταφθιμένοισιν ἀνάσσειν· ὁ δὲ Ἀλέξανδρος δοκεῖ μοι ἑλέσθαι ἂν καὶ τοῦ τρίτου μέρους τῶν νεκρῶν ἄρχειν ἀποθανὼν ἢ ζῆν τὸν ἅπαντα χρόνον θεὸς γενόμενος, (51) {μόνον} εἰ μὴ βασιλεὺς γένοιτο τῶν ἄλλων θεῶν. μόνου δ´ ἴσως οὐκ ἂν ὑπερεῖδε τοῦ Διός, ὅτι βασιλέα καλοῦσιν αὐτὸν {οἱ ἄνθρωποι}· ὅθεν καὶ ἐκόλαζεν αὐτὸν ὁ Διογένης πάντα τρόπον. ἔφη οὖν, Ὦ Διόγενες, σὺ μέν μοι παίζειν δοκεῖς· ἐγὼ δὲ ἂν Δαρεῖον ἕλω καὶ ἔτι τὸν Ἰνδῶν βασιλέα, οὐδέν με κωλύσει τῶν πώποτε βασιλέων μέγιστον εἶναι. τί γὰρ ἐμοὶ λοιπόν ἐστι κρατήσαντι Βαβυλῶνος καὶ Σούσων καὶ Ἐκβατάνων καὶ τῶν ἐν Ἰνδοῖς πραγμάτων; (52) καὶ ὃς ὁρῶν αὐτὸν φλεγόμενον ὑπὸ τῆς φιλοτιμίας κἀκεῖ τῇ ψυχῇ ὅλον τεταμένον καὶ φερόμενον, ὥσπερ αἱ γέρανοι, ὅποι ἂν ὁρμήσωσιν, (53) ἀποτείνασαι ἑαυτὰς πέτονται, Ἀλλ´ οὐδὲν ἕξεις, ἔφη, πλέον οὐδενὸς οὐδὲ τῷ ὄντι βασιλεύσεις ἀφ´ ἧς ἔχεις {ταύτης} διανοίας, οὐδὲ ἂν ὑπερβαλλόμενος τὸ ἐν Βαβυλῶνι τεῖχος οὕτως ἕλῃς τὴν πόλιν, ἀλλὰ μὴ διορύττων ἔξωθεν καὶ ὑπορύττων, {ὁμοίως δὲ καὶ τὸ ἐν Σούσοις καὶ τὸ ἐν Βάκτροις}, οὐδ´ ἂν Κῦρον μιμησάμενος κατὰ τὸν ποταμὸν εἰσρυῇς, ὥσπερ ὕδρος, οὐδ´ ἂν ἑτέραν προσλάβῃς μείζω τῆς Ἀσίας ἤπειρον, τὸν Ὠκεανὸν διανηξάμενος. (54) ἢ σὺ τοὺς ἀλεκτρυόνας οὐ καλεῖς νόθους, οἳ ἂν ὦσιν ἐξ ἀνομοίων; ἢ οὐ μείζων σοι δοκεῖ διαφορὰ θεοῦ πρὸς γυναῖκα θνητὴν ἢ γενναίου ἀλεκτρυόνος; εἰ οὖν γέγονας οὕτως καθάπερ φασί, καὶ σὺ νόθος ἂν εἴης ὥσπερ ἀλεκτρυών. τυχὸν δὲ καὶ μαχιμώτατος ἔσῃ τῶν ἄλλων διὰ ταύτην τὴν νοθείαν.

[4,50] His state of mind, you see, was the opposite of what Homer says was that of Achilles' ghost. For that hero said that he preferred to live in bondage to "Some man of mean estate, who makes scant cheer, Rather than reign o'er all who have gone down To death." But Alexander, I doubt not, would have chosen to die and govern even a third part of the dead rather than become merely a god and live for ever—unless, of course, he became king over the other gods. Perhaps, too, Zeus is the only one for whom he would have shown no contempt, and that because men call him king. This is the reason why Diogenes was bent on reproving him thoroughly. The king replied, "Diogenes, you seem to be joking. If I capture Darius and the king of the Indians to boot, there will be nothing to prevent my being the greatest king that ever lived. For what is left for me when I have once become master of Babylon, Susa, Ecbatana, and the Empire of the Indies ? " And the other, observing that he was aflame with ambition and that with all his heart he was being borne at full stretch in that direction, just as the cranes when flying stretch themselves out in whatever direction they are speeding, exclaimed, " Nay, in the state of mind in which you are, you will have not one whit more than anyone else, nor will you really be a king, no, not even if you leap over the walls of Babylon and capture the city in that way, instead of breaking through the walls from without or sapping them from beneath, nor even if you imitate Cyrus and glide in like a water-snake by the river-route, and in the same way get inside the walls of Susa and Bactra, no, not even though you swim across the ocean and annex another continent greater than Asia."