[20,3] Βασιλεὺς δὲ Πύρρος ὡς ἔμαθεν, ὅτι Λευκανοὶ καὶ Βρέττιοι καὶ Ταραντῖνοι φεύγουσι προτροπάδην, καὶ λελώβηται τὸ κατ´ ἐκείνους μέρος ἡ φάλαγξ, ἐκ τῆς καθ´ ἑαυτὸν ἴλης μέρος τι παραδοὺς ἑτέροις ἡγεμόσι, καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ δεξιοῦ κέρατος ἑτέρους ἱππεῖς, ὅσους ὑπέλαβεν ἀρκεῖν, ἀποστέλλει βοηθοὺς τοῖς ὑπὸ τῶν Ῥωμαίων διωκομένοις. ἐν οἷς δὲ ταῦτα ἐγίνετο χρόνοις, παρὰ τοῦ δαιμονίου βοήθεια τοῖς Ῥωμαίοις ἔκδηλος γίνεται. Δαυνίων γάρ τινες ἐκ πόλεως Ἀργυρίππων, ἣν νῦν Ἄρπους καλοῦσι, πεζοὶ μὲν τετρακισχίλιοι, ἱππεῖς δὲ ἀμφὶ τοὺς τετρακοσίους, ἐπίκουροι τοῖς ὑπάτοις ἀποσταλέντες, ὡς ἐγένοντο πλησίον τοῦ βασιλικοῦ στρατοπέδου τὴν κατὰ νώτου τῶν πολεμίων ἄγουσαν ὁδὸν ἀπὸ ταὐτομάτου πορευόμενοι καὶ τὸ πεδίον εἶδον μεστὸν ἀνθρώπων, ὀλίγον ἐπισχόντες αὐτόθι χρόνον καὶ λογισμοὺς παντοδαποὺς λαβόντες, καταβαίνειν μὲν ἀπὸ τῶν μετεώρων καὶ συλλαμβάνειν τῆς μάχης ἀπέγνωσαν, οὔτε ὅπη τι φίλιόν ἐστιν εἰδότες οὔτε ὅπη πολέμιον, οὔτ´ ἐν ᾧ χωρίῳ στάντες ὠφέλειάν τινα παρέξουσι τοῖς σφετέροις δυνάμενοι συλλαβεῖν, κράτιστον δὲ ὑπέλαβον εἶναι περιστάντες τὸ στρατόπεδον τῶν πολεμίων ἐξελεῖν, ὡς αὐτοί τε πολλὰς καὶ καλὰς ἕξοντες ὠφελείας, εἰ κρατήσειαν τῶν ἀποσκευῶν, καὶ μεγάλην παρέξοντες τοῖς πολεμίοις ταραχήν, εἰ θεάσαιντο καιόμενον ἄφνω τὸν χάρακα· ἀπεῖχε δὲ τὸ χωρίον τῆς μάχης οὐ πλέον εἴκοσι σταδίων. ταῦτά τε δὴ βουλευσάμενοι καὶ παρὰ αἰχμαλώτων τινῶν ἀκούσαντες, οὓς ἐπὶ ξυλισμὸν ἐλθόντας εἰλήφεσαν, ὅτι κομιδῆ τινες ὀλίγοι φυλάττουσι τὸν χάρακα, προσέβαλον αὐτοῖς πανταχόθεν. ὑπὲρ ὧν ἐπιγνοὺς ὁ Πύρρος ἱππέως τινὸς ἀπαγγείλαντος, ὃς ἀρξαμένου πολιορκεῖσθαι τοῦ χάρακος διεξελάσας τὸν ἵππον καὶ τὰ κέντρα προσβαλὼν παρῆν διὰ ταχέων —τὴν μὲν γὰρ ἄλλην δύναμιν ἐν τῷ πεδίῳ κατέχειν ἔγνω καὶ μήτε ἀνακαλεῖν μήτε κινεῖν τὴν φάλαγγατοὺς ἐλέφαντας καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν ἱππέων τοὺς εὐτολμοτάτους ἐπιλεξάμενος ἀποστέλλει βοηθοὺς τῷ χάρακι. ἔτι δὲ τούτων πορευομένων ἐκπολιορκηθεὶς ἄφνω ὁ χάραξ ἀνάπτεται. καὶ οἱ διαπραξάμενοι τὸ ἔργον, ὡς ἔμαθον ἀπὸ τῶν μετεώρων ἐπιόντας σφίσι τοὺς ὑπὸ τοῦ βασιλέως ἀπεσταλμένους, εἰς ὄρους τινὸς κορυφὴν 〈ἔφυγον〉, ἔνθα οὔτε τοῖς θηρίοις ἀνελθεῖν ῥᾴδιον ἦν οὔτε τοῖς ἵπποις. οἱ δὲ βασιλικοὶ τοῦ καιροῦ τῆς βοηθείας ὑστερήσαντες ἐπὶ τοὺς ἐκ τοῦ τρίτου καὶ τετάρτου τάγματος Ῥωμαίους ἐτράποντο πολὺ προεληλυθότας ἀπὸ τῶν ἄλλων, ὅτε τοὺς κατὰ σφᾶς πολεμίους ἐτρέψαντο. προιδόντες δὲ αὐτῶν οἱ Ῥωμαῖοι τὴν ἔφοδον εἰς ὑψηλόν τι καὶ λάσιον χωρίον ἀναδραμόντες εἰς τάξιν καθίσταντο. οἱ μὲν οὖν ἐλέφαντες οὐ δυνάμενοι πρὸς τὸν ὄχθον ἀναβαίνειν οὐδὲν αὐτοὺς ἠδίκουν, οὐδὲ αἱ τῶν ἱππέων ἶλαι, οἱ δὲ τοξόται 〈καὶ〉 σφενδονῆται βάλλοντες πανταχόθεν κατετίτρωσκόν τε καὶ διέφθειρον ἐξ αὐτῶν συχνούς. αἰσθήσεως δὲ γενομένης τοῖς ἡγεμόσι τῶν ἐκεῖ πραττομένων Πύρρος μὲν ἐκ τῆς ἀσπιστικῆς φάλαγγος Ἀθαμᾶνάς τε καὶ Ἀκαρνᾶνας καὶ τῶν Σαυνιτῶν τινας ἀποστέλλει ὁ δὲ τῶν Ῥωμαίων ὕπατος ἴλας τινὰς ἱππέων, ἐπειδὴ τοιαύτης ἔδει τοῖς πεζοῖς συμμαχίας. καὶ κατὰ τὸν 〈αὐτὸν〉 χρόνον ἑτέρα πάλιν ἐκεῖ γίνεται μάχη πεζῶν τε καὶ ἱππέων, καὶ φόνος ἔτι πλείων. Ἀρξαμένου δὲ τοῦ βασιλέως καὶ οἱ τῶν Ῥωμαίων ὕπατοι τοὺς ἑαυτῶν ἀνεκάλουν περὶ καταφορὰν ὄντος τοῦ ἡλίου καὶ διαβιβάσαντες τὸν ποταμὸν ἀπῆγον εἰς τὸν χάρακα συσκοτάζοντος ἤδη. ἡ δὲ τοῦ Πύρρου δύναμις ἀπολωλεκυῖα σκηνάς τε καὶ ὑποζύγια καὶ ἀνδράποδα καὶ τὴν ἀποσκευὴν ἅπασαν ἐπὶ μετεώρου τινὸς χώρου παρενέβαλεν, ἔνθα τὴν ἐπιοῦσαν νύκτα διήγαγεν ὑπαίθριος, ἀσκευής, ἀθεράπευτος, οὐδὲ τῆς ἀναγκαίας εὐποροῦσα τροφῆς, ὥστε καὶ διαφθαρῆναι συχνοὺς τραυματίας, οἷς ἐνῆν ἔτι σώζεσθαι βοηθείας τε καὶ κηδεμονίας μεταλαβοῦσιν. τοιούτου τέλους ἔτυχεν ἡ δευτέρα μάχη Ῥωμαίοις πρὸς Πύρρον περὶ πόλιν Ἄσκλον.

[20,3] When King Pyrrhus learned that the Lucanians, Bruttians and Tarentines were in headlong flight and that their part of the line was disrupted, he turned a part of the squadron that was with him over to other commanders, and from the right wing sent other horsemen, as many as he thought would be sufficient, (p397) as reinforcements to those who were being pursued by the Romans. But during the time that this was going on, there was a manifest intervention of the divine power on the side of the Romans. 2 Some of the Daunians, it seems, from the city of Argyrippa, which they now call Arpi, four thousand foot and some four hundred horse who had been sent to the assistance of the consuls, arrived near the royal camp while proceeding by mere chance along the road that led in the enemy's rear, and saw the plain full of men. After stopping there a short while and indulging in all manner of speculations, they decided not to descend from the heights and take part in the battle, since they did not know either where there was a friendly force or where a hostile one, nor could conjecture in what place they should take their stand in order to render some aid to their allies; and they thought it would be best to surround and destroy the enemy's camp, since not only would they themselves get much fine booty if they should capture the baggage, but they would also cause much confusion to their enemies if these should see their camp suddenly ablaze. (The scene of the battle was not more than twenty stades distant.) 3 Having come to this decision and having learned from some prisoners, who had been captured when they had gone out to gather wood, that only a very few were guarding the camp, they attacked them from all sides. Pyrrhus, learning of this through the report of a cavalryman who, when the siege of the camp began, drove his horse through the enemy's lines, and applying the spurs, was soon at (p399) hand, decided to keep the rest of his forces in the plain and not to recall or disturb the phalanx, but sent the elephants and the boldest of the horse, carefully selected, as reinforcements for the camp. 4 But while these were still on the way, the camp was suddenly taken and set on fire. Those who had accomplished this feat, upon learning that the troops sent by the king were coming down from the heights against them, fled to the summit of a hill which could not easily be ascended by either the beasts or the horses. 5 The king's troops, having arrived too late to be of assistance, turned against the Romans of the third and fourth legions, who had advanced far ahead of the others after routing the foes who faced them. But the Romans, becoming aware in advance of their approach, ran up to a lofty and thickly-wooded spot and arrayed themselves in battle order. 6 The elephants, accordingly, being unable to ascend the height, caused them no harm, nor did the squadrons of horse; but the bowmen and slingers, hurling their missiles from all sides, wounded and destroyed many of them. When the commanders became aware of what was going on there, Pyrrhus sent, from his line of infantry, the Athamanians (p401) and Acarnanians and some of the Samnites, while the Roman consul sent some squadrons of horse, since the foot needed such assistance. And at this same time a fresh battle took place there between the foot and horse and there was still greater slaughter. 7 Following the king's lead, the Roman consuls also recalled their troops when it was near sunset, and taking them across the river led them back to their camp as darkness was already coming on. The forces of Pyrrhus, having lost their tents, pack-animals and slaves, and all their baggage, encamped upon a height, where they spent the following night under the open sky, without either baggage or attendance and not well supplied with even the necessary food, so that many wounded men actually perished, when they might still have been saved had they received assistance and care. Such was the outcome of the second battle between the Romans and Pyrrhus, near the town of Asculum.