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Denys d'Halicarnasse, Les Antiquités romaines, livre V

Chapitre 76

  Chapitre 76

[5,76] Ὡς δ´ ἦν αὐτῷ πάντα τὰ εἰς τὸν πόλεμον ἐπιτήδεια εὐτρεπῆ, προήγαγε τὰς δυνάμεις εἰς ὕπαιθρον, καὶ τίθεται στρατόπεδα τρία καθ´ οὓς μάλιστα ὑπελάμβανε τόπους ποιήσεσθαι τοὺς Λατίνους τὴν ἔφοδον. ἐνθυμούμενος δ´, ὅτι φρονίμων στρατηγῶν ἐστιν, οὐ μόνον τὰ ἑαυτῶν πράγματα ποιεῖν ἰσχυρά, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὰ τῶν πολεμίων ἀσθενῆ, καὶ μάλιστα μὲν ἄνευ μάχης καὶ πόνου καταλύεσθαι τοὺς πολέμους, εἰ δὲ μή γε σὺν ἐλαχίστῃ τοῦ στρατιωτικοῦ πλήθους δαπάνῃ, πολέμων θ´ ἁπάντων κακίστους ἡγούμενος καὶ πλεῖστα τὰ λυπηρὰ ἔχοντας, οὓς πρὸς συγγενεῖς καὶ φίλους ἀναγκαζόμενοί τινες ἀναιροῦνται, ἐπιεικεστέρων μᾶλλον δικαιοτέρων ᾤετο δεῖν αὐτοῖς διαλύσεων. κρύφα τε δὴ πέμπων πρὸς τοὺς ἐπιφανεστάτους τῶν Λατίνων ἀνυπόπτους τινὰς ἔπειθε φιλίαν πράττειν ταῖς πόλεσι, καὶ ἐκ τοῦ φανεροῦ πρεσβευόμενος κατὰ πόλεις τε καὶ πρὸς τὸ κοινὸν οὐ χαλεπῶς ἐξειργάσατο μηκέτι τὴν αὐτὴν ἅπαντας ὁρμὴν ἔχειν πρὸς τὸν πόλεμον· μάλιστα δ´ αὐτοὺς ἐξεθεράπευσε καὶ διαστῆναι πρὸς τοὺς ἡγεμόνας ἐποίησε διὰ τοιαύτης εὐεργεσίας. οἱ τὴν αὐτοκράτορα παρειληφότες τῶν Λατίνων στρατηγίαν, Μαμίλιός τε καὶ Σέξτος ἐν Τύσκλῳ πόλει τὰς δυνάμεις συνέχοντες, παρεσκευάζοντο μὲν ὡς ἐλάσοντες ἐπὶ τὴν Ῥώμην, ἐδαπάνων δὲ πολὺν εἰς τὸ μέλλειν χρόνον, εἴτε τὰς ὑστεριζούσας ἀναμένοντες πόλεις, εἴτε τῶν ἱερῶν αὐτοῖς οὐ γινομένων καλῶν. ἐν τούτῳ δὴ τῷ χρόνῳ τινὲς ἀποσκιδνάμενοι τοῦ στρατοπέδου τὴν χώραν τῶν Ῥωμαίων ἐπόρθουν. τοῦτο μαθὼν Λάρκιος ἀποστέλλει τὸν Κλοίλιον ἐπ´ αὐτοὺς ἄγοντα τῶν ἱππέων τε καὶ ψιλῶν τοὺς ἀνδρειοτάτους. ὃς ἐπιφανεὶς αὐτοῖς ἀπροσδόκητος ὀλίγους μέν τινας ἀποκτείνει μαχόμενος, τοὺς δὲ λοιποὺς αἰχμαλώτους λαμβάνει. τούτους Λάρκιος ἐκ τῶν τραυμάτων ἀναλαβὼν καὶ ταῖς ἄλλαις ἐκθεραπεύσας φιλανθρωπίαις ἀπέστειλεν εἰς Τύσκλον ἀθρόους ἄνευ λύτρων, πρεσβευτὰς σὺν αὐτοῖς πέμψας Ῥωμαίων τοὺς ἐντιμοτάτους. οὗτοι διεπράξαντο διαλυθῆναι τὸ στράτευμα τῶν Λατίνων καὶ γενέσθαι ταῖς πόλεσιν ἐνιαυσίους ἀνοχάς. [5,76] When he had got everything ready that was necessary for the war, he took the field with his forces and established three camps in the places (p231) where he suspected the Latins would be the most likely to make their invasion. He considered that it is the part of a prudent general, not only to strengthen his own position, but also to weaken that of the enemy, and, above all, to bring wars to an end without a battle or hardship, or, if that cannot be done, then with the least expenditure of men; and regarding as the worse of all wars and the most distressing those which men are forced to undertake against kinsmen and friends, he thought they ought to be settled by an accommodation in which clemency outweighed the demands of justice. Accordingly, he not only sent secretly to the most important men among the Latins some persons who were free from suspicion and attempted to persuade them to establish friendship between the two states, but he also sent ambassadors openly both to the several cities and to their league and by that means easily brought it about that they no longer entertained the same eagerness for the war. But in particular he won them over and set them against their leaders by the following service. The men who had received the supreme command over the Latins, namely, Mamilius and Sextus, keeping their forces all together in the city of Tusculum, were preparing to march on Rome, but were consuming much time in delay, either waiting for the cities which were slow in joining them or because the sacrificial victims were not favourable. During this time some of their men, scattering abroad from the camp, proceeded to plunder the territory of the Romans. Larcius, being informed of this, sent Cloelius against them with the most valiant, both of the horse and light-armed troops; and he, coming (p233) upon them unexpectedly, killed a few in the action and took the rest prisoners. These Larcius caused to be cured of their wounds, and having gained their affection by many other instances of kindness, he sent them to Tusculum safe and sound without ransom, and with them the most distinguished of the Romans as ambassadors. Through their efforts the army of the Latins was disbanded and a year's truce concluded between the two states.


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