[4,27] Μετὰ τὴν Ταρκυνίου τελευτὴν αἱ παραδοῦσαι τὴν ἡγεμονίαν ἐκείνῳ πόλεις οὐκέτι φυλάττειν ἐβούλοντο τὰς ὁμολογίας Τυλλίῳ τ´ οὐκ ἀξιοῦσαι ταπεινῷ κατὰ γένος ὄντι ὑπακούειν, καὶ τὴν διαφορὰν τῶν πατρικίων τὴν πρὸς τὸν ἡγεμόνα γενομένην μεγάλην σφίσιν ὠφέλειαν παρέξειν νομίζουσαι. ἤρξαντο δὲ τῆς ἀποστάσεως οἱ καλούμενοι Οὐιεντανοὶ καὶ τοῖς ἐλθοῦσι παρὰ τοῦ Τυλλίου πρεσβευταῖς ἀπεκρίναντο μηδεμίαν εἶναί σφισι πρὸς ἐκεῖνον μήθ´ ὑπὲρ ἡγεμονίας παραχωρήσεως μήτε περὶ φιλίας καὶ συμμαχίας συνθήκην. ἀρξάντων δὲ τούτων Καιρητανοί τ´ ἠκολούθησαν καὶ Ταρκυνιῆται, καὶ τελευτῶσα ἐν ὅπλοις ἦν ἅπασα ἡ Τυρρηνία. οὗτος ὁ πόλεμος εἴκοσι διέμεινεν ἔτη συνεχῶς πολεμούμενος εἰσβολάς τε πολλὰς ἀμφοτέρων μεγάλοις στρατεύμασι ποιουμένων εἰς τὴν ἀλλήλων καὶ παρατάξεις ἄλλας ἐπ´ ἄλλαις συνισταμένων. ἐν ἁπάσαις δὲ ταῖς μάχαις κατορθῶν ὁ Τύλλιος, ὅσαι κατὰ πόλεις τε καὶ πρὸς ὅλον τὸ ἔθνος αὐτῷ συνέστησαν, καὶ τρισὶν ἐπιφανεστάτοις κοσμηθεὶς θριάμβοις τελευτῶν ἠνάγκασε τοὺς οὐκ ἀξιοῦντας ἄρχεσθαι τὸν χαλινὸν ἑκόντας λαβεῖν. εἰκοστῷ δ´ οὖν ἔτει συνελθοῦσαι πάλιν αἱ δώδεκα πόλεις ἐξανηλωμέναι τῷ πολέμῳ τά τε σώματα καὶ τὰ χρήματα γνώμην ἔσχον παραδοῦναι Ῥωμαίοις τὴν ἡγεμονίαν ἐφ´ οἷς πρότερον ἐψηφίσαντο. καὶ παρῆσαν ἀπὸ πάσης πόλεως οἱ προχειρισθέντες σὺν ἱκετηρίαις ἐπιτρέποντες Τυλλίῳ τὰς πόλεις καὶ μηδὲν ἀνήκεστον βουλεῦσαι περὶ αὐτῶν ἀξιοῦντες. Τύλλιος δὲ τῆς μὲν ἀφροσύνης ἕνεκα καὶ τῶν εἰς τοὺς θεοὺς ἀσεβημάτων, οὓς ἐγγυητὰς ποιησάμενοι τῶν ὁμολογιῶν παρέβησαν τὰ συγκείμενα, πολλῶν αὐτοὺς ἔφη τιμωριῶν ἀξίους εἶναι καὶ μεγάλων· τῆς δὲ Ῥωμαίων ἐπιεικείας καὶ μετριότητος, ἐπειδὴ συγγνόντες ἀδικεῖν στέμμασι καὶ λιτανείαις παρῃτοῦντο τὴν ὀργήν, οὐδὲν ἐν τῷ παρόντι ἀτυχήσειν. ταῦτ´ εἰπὼν καταλύεται τὸν πρὸς αὐτοὺς πόλεμον, ταῖς μὲν ἄλλαις πόλεσιν ἁπλῶς καὶ δίχα ὀργῆς μνησικάκου πολιτεύεσθαί τ´ ἀποδοὺς ὡς πρότερον καὶ τὰ ἴδια καρποῦσθαι, μενούσαις ἐν ταῖς γραφείσαις πρὸς αὐτὰς συνθήκαις ὑπὸ βασιλέως Ταρκυνίου· τρεῖς δ´ ἐξ αὐτῶν πόλεις, αἳ προεξανέστησάν τε καὶ τὰς ἄλλας ἐπηγάγοντο κατὰ Ῥωμαίων ἐξενεγκεῖν τὸν πόλεμον, Καιρητανοὺς καὶ Ταρκυνιήτας καὶ Οὐιεντανούς, ἀφαιρέσει χώρας τιμωρησάμενος, ἣν κατεκληρούχησε Ῥωμαίων τοῖς νεωστὶ προσεληλυθόσι πρὸς τὴν πολιτείαν. Ταῦτα διαπραξάμενος ἐν εἰρήνῃ τε καὶ κατὰ πολέμους καὶ ναοὺς δύο κατασκευασάμενος Τύχης, ᾗ παρὰ πάντα τὸν βίον ἔδοξεν ἀγαθῇ κεχρῆσθαι, τὸν μὲν ἐν ἀγορᾷ τῇ καλουμένῃ Βοαρίᾳ, τὸν δ´ ἕτερον ἐπὶ ταῖς ἠιόσι τοῦ Τεβέριος, ἣν ἀνδρείαν προσηγόρευσεν, ὡς καὶ νῦν ὑπὸ Ῥωμαίων καλεῖται· ἡλικίας τε προβεβηκὼς ἐπὶ πολὺ καὶ τῆς κατὰ φύσιν τελευτῆς οὐ μακρὰν ἀπέχων, ἐπιβουλευθεὶς ὑπὸ Ταρκυνίου τε τοῦ γαμβροῦ καὶ τῆς ἑαυτοῦ θυγατρὸς ἀποθνήσκει. διηγήσομαι δὲ καὶ τῆς ἐπιβουλῆς τὸν τρόπον μικρὰ τῶν ἔμπροσθεν γενομένων ἀναλαβών.

[4,27] After the death of Tarquinius those cities which had yielded the sovereignty to him refused to observe the terms of their treaties any longer, disdaining to submit to Tullius, since he was a man of lowly birth, and anticipating great advantages for themselves from the discord that had arisen between the patricians and their ruler. The people called the Veientes were the leaders of this revolt; and when Tullius sent ambassadors they replied that they had no treaty with him either concerning their yielding the sovereignty or concerning friendship and an alliance. These having set the example, the people of Caere and Tarquinii followed it, and at last all Tyrrhenia was in arms. This war lasted for twenty years without intermission, during which time both sides made many irruptions into one another's territories with great armies and fought one pitched battle after another. But Tullius, after being successful in all the battles in which he engaged, both against the several cities and against the whole nation, and after being honoured with three most splendid triumphs, at last forced those who refused to be ruled to accept the (p361) yoke against their will. In the twentieth year, therefore, the twelve cities, having become exhausted by the war both in men and in money, again met together and decided to yield the sovereignty to the Romans upon the same terms as previously. And so the men chosen as envoys from each city arrived with the tokens of suppliants, and entrusting their cities to Tullius, begged of him not to adopt any extreme measures against them. Tullius told them that because of their folly and their impiety towards the gods whom they had made sponsors of their treaties, only to violate their agreements afterwards, they deserved many severe punishments; but that, since you acknowledged their fault and were come with the fillets of suppliants and with entreaties to deprecate the resentment they had merited, they should fail of none of the clemency and moderation of the Romans at this time. Having said this, he put an end to the war against them, and in the case of most of the cities, without imposing any conditions or harbouring any resentment for past injuries, he permitted them to retain the same government as before and also to enjoy their own possessions as long as they should abide by the treaties made with them by Tarquinius. But in the case of the three cities of Caere, Tarquinii and Veii, which had not only begun the revolt but had also induced the rest to make war upon the Romans, he punished them by seizing a part of their lands, which he portioned out among those who had lately been added to the body of Roman citizens. (p363) Besides these achievements in both peace and war, he built two temples to Fortune, who seemed to have favoured him all his life, one in the market called the Cattle Market, the other on the banks of the Tiber to the Fortune which he named Fortuna Virilis, as she is called by the Romans even to this day. And being now advanced in years and not far from a natural death, he was treacherously slain by Tarquinius, his son-in-law, and by his own daughter. I shall also relate the manner in which this treacherous deed was carried out; but first I must go back and mention a few things that preceded it.