Texte grec :
| [19,18] Ἂν ταῦτα λέγοντες ἐκγράψωσί με τῆς βουλῆς
καὶ μεταγάγωσιν εἰς τὰς τῶν ἀτίμων φυλάς, τί
πρὸς αὐτοὺς ἕξω λέγειν δίκαιον ἢ ποιεῖν; τίνα τὸν
μετὰ ταῦτα βίον ζήσομαι τηλικαύτῃ περιπεσὼν ἀτιμίᾳ
καὶ τοὺς ἐξ ἐμαυτοῦ πάντας περιλαβών; σοὶ δὲ
αὐτῷ τί χρήσιμος ἔτι φανήσομαι τὸ δύνασθαί τι καὶ
τιμᾶσθαι παρὰ τοῖς πολίταις ἀποβαλών, δι´ ἃ νῦν
ἐσπούδακας περὶ ἐμοῦ; λείπεται δὴ τὸν οὐδεμίαν ἔτι
χώραν ἐν τῇ πατρίδι κατέχειν δυνάμενον ἀπιέναι πανοικεσίᾳ,
τὰς ἀσχήμονας αὑτοῦ καταγνόντα φυγάς.
ἔπειτα ποῦ τὸν λοιπὸν ἔσομαι χρόνον; ἢ τίς ὑποδέξεταί
με τόπος ἀπαρρησίαστον γενόμενον ὥσπερ εἰκός;
ἡ σὴ βασιλεία, νὴ Δία, καὶ παρέξεις μοι σὺ τὴν τυραννικὴν
ἅπασαν εὐδαιμονίαν; καὶ τί μοι τηλικοῦτο
δώσεις ἀγαθόν, ὅσον ἀφελεῖ τὸ πάντων τιμιώτατον
κτημάτων ἀφελόμενος, τὴν ἐλευθερίαν; πῶς δ´ ἂν
ὑπομεῖναι δυναίμην ἐγὼ τοῦ βίου μεταβολὴν ὀψὲ δουλεύειν
διδασκόμενος; ὅπου γὰρ οἱ γεννηθέντες ἐν βασιλείαις
καὶ τυραννίσιν, ὅταν εὐγενῶς ἔχωσι, τῆς
ἐλευθερίας γλίχονται καὶ πάνθ´ ἡγοῦνται τἀγαθὰ ταύτης
ἐλάττω, ἦ που οἱ ἐν ἐλευθέρᾳ καὶ ἑτέρων ἄρχειν
μαθούσῃ πόλει βιώσαντες πρᾴως οἴσουσι τὴν ἐκ τῶν
κρειττόνων ἐπὶ τὰ χείρω μεταβολήν, ἐξ ἐλευθέρων
ὑπομείναντες δοῦλοι γενέσθαι, ἵνα λαμπρὰς παρατιθῶνται
καθ´ ἡμέραν τραπέζας καὶ πολλοὺς θεράποντας
περιάγωνται καὶ γυναικῶν καὶ παίδων εὐπρεπῶν
ἀφειδεῖς ἀπολαύσεις λαμβάνωσιν, ὥσπερ ἐν τούτοις
τῆς ἀνθρωπίνης εὐδαιμονίας κειμένης, ἀλλ´ οὐκ ἐν
ἀρετῇ; αὐτῶν δὲ τούτων, ἵνα συγχωρήσῃ τις
αὐτὰ πολλῆς εἶναι σπουδῆς ἄξια, τίς γένοιτ´ ἂν ἱλαρὰ
χρῆσις οὐκ ἔχουσα τὸ βέβαιον; ἐφ´ ὑμῖν γάρ ἐστι τοῖς
παρέχουσι τὰς ἡδονὰς ταύτας, ὅταν αὐτοὶ θέλητε, πάλιν
αὐτὰς ἀφαιρεῖσθαι. ἐῶ γὰρ λέγειν τοὺς φθόνους,
τὰς διαβολάς, τὸ μηδένα χρόνον ἄνευ κινδύνου καὶ
φόβου ζῆν, τἆλλα πολλά, ὅσα φέρει χαλεπὰ καὶ οὐκ
ἄξια γενναίου φρονήματος ὁ παρὰ τοῖς βασιλεῦσι βίος.
μὴ τοσαύτη μανία κατάσχοι Φαβρίκιον, ὥστε τὴν περιβόητον
καταλιπόντα Ῥώμην τὸν ἐν Ἠπείρῳ προελέσθαι
βίον, καὶ ἐξὸν ἡγεμόνος ἡγεῖσθαι πόλεως ὑφ´ ἑνὸς
ἀνδρὸς ἄρχεσθαι μηθὲν ἴσον τοῖς ἄλλοις φρονοῦντος
καὶ τὰ πρὸς ἡδονὴν ἀκούειν παρὰ πάντων ἐθισθέντος.
ἀλλάξαι μέν γε τὸ φρόνημα καὶ ταπεινὸν ἐμαυτὸν
ποιῆσαι βουλόμενος, ἵνα μηδὲν ὑποπτεύῃς ἐξ ἐμοῦ
κακόν, οὐκ ἂν δυναίμην· διαμένων δὲ τοιοῦτος, οἷον
ἡ φύσις καὶ τὰ ἔθη πεποίηκέ με, βαρὺς φανήσομαί
σοι καὶ περισπᾶν δόξω τὴν ἡγεμονίαν εἰς ἐμαυτόν.
τὸ δ´ ὅλον ἔχω σοι παραινεῖν, μὴ ὅτι Φαβρίκιον, ἀλλὰ
μηδ´ ἄλλον μηδένα δέχεσθαι τῇ βασιλείᾳ μήτε κρείττονα
μήτε ἴσον σεαυτῷ, μηδὲ ὅλως ἄνδρα ἐν ἐλευθέροις
ἤθεσι τραφέντα καὶ φρόνημα μεῖζον ἢ κατ´ ἰδιώτην
ἔχοντα. οὔτε γὰρ ἀσφαλὴς βασιλεῖ σύνοικος ἀνὴρ
μεγαλόφρων οὔτε ἡδύς. ἀλλὰ περὶ μὲν τῶν ἰδίων
συμφερόντων, ἅ σοι πρακτέον ἐστίν, αὐτὸς διαγνώσῃ,
περὶ δὲ τῶν αἰχμαλώτων ἐπιεικές τι βουλευσάμενος
ἄφες· ἡμᾶς ἀπιέναι.
Ὡς δὲ ἐπαύσατο λέγων, ἀγασθεὶς αὐτοῦ τὴν
εὐγένειαν τῆς ψυχῆς ὁ βασιλεὺς τῆς δεξιᾶς λαμβάνεται
καί φησιν· Οὐκέτι θαυμάζειν ἐπέρχεταί μοι, διὰ τί
περιβόητος ἡ πόλις ὑμῶν ἐστι καὶ τοσοῦτον ἡγεμονίας
περιβέβληται μέγεθος, τοιούτων ἀνδρῶν οὖσα τροφός·
καὶ μάλιστα μὲν οὖν ἐβουλόμην ἂν ἐξ ἀρχῆς μηδεμίαν
συμβῆναί μοι πρὸς ὑμᾶς διαφοράν, ἐπεὶ δὲ συνέβη,
καὶ θεῶν τις ἐβούλετο πειραθέντας ἡμᾶς τῆς ἀλλήλων
δυνάμεως καὶ ἀρετῆς τότε συναγαγεῖν, ἕτοιμός εἰμι
διαλύεσθαι, καὶ ἵνα πρῶτος ἄρξω τῶν φιλανθρώπων,
ἐφ´ ἃ παρακαλεῖτέ με, χαρίζομαι τῇ πόλει τοὺς αἰχμαλώτους
ἅπαντας ἄνευ λύτρων.
Λιβύην χειρωσάμενος μέχρι καὶ τῶν προσωκεανίων ἐθνῶν.
|
|
Traduction française :
| [19,18] "If with these words of censure they expunge my name for the senate-roll and
reduce me to the ranks of the disfranchised, what just answer shall I be able to make
to them, or what just action take? What manner of life shall I live thereafter, when
I have fallen into such disgrace and involved all my descendants? 2 (23) And to you
yourself how shall I longer appear useful when I have lost all influence and honour
among my fellow citizens, the grounds for your present enthusiasm for me? The only
course, then, that is left for one who can no longer keep a place for himself in his own
country (p381) is to depart with his entire household, condemning himself to shameful
exile. 3 After that where shall I spend the rest of my life? Or what place will receive me
when I have lost, as I probable shall, my freedom of speech? Your realm, forsooth!
And you will vi me with all the felicity a tyrant enjoys? Yet what boon will you give me
as great as the one you will be taking from me when you take away that most precious
of all possessions, liberty? 4 (24) And how could I endure the change in my life,
learning late to be a slave? For when those born in countries ruled by kings and
tyrants, if they are of noble spirit, crave liberty and consider all other blessings
inferior to it, will those, I wonder, who have lived in a state which is free and has
learned to rule over others bear with equanimity the change from better conditions to
worse, consenting to become slaves instead of free men, in order to set splendid
tables every day, to be attended everywhere by a multitude of slaves, and to have
unstinted enjoyment of handsome women and boys, as if human happiness depended
upon these things rather than upon virtue? 5 (25) Yet as for these very things, granted
they are well worth striving for, what joy would their use bring when it has no
assured permanence? For it lies in the power of you rulers who provide these
pleasures to take them away again when you yourselves wish. I say naught of the
envyings, the slanderings, the fact that not for a moment does one live without danger
and fear, and all the other experiences, distressing and unworthy of a noble spirit,
while life at the courts of kings (p383) brings with it. 6 Let no such madness seize
Fabricius that he should leave the renowned city of Rome and prefer life in Epirus, or
that, when it is in his power to be leader of a state that holds the leadership, he should
be ruled by one man whose thoughts are in no wise those of the other citizens and
who is accustomed to hear from everybody what is calculated to please him. 7 (26) At
any rate, though I might wish to change my spirit and make myself humble, in order
that you might scent no danger from me, I could not do so; on the other hand, if
I remain what Nature and my habits have made me, I shall appear offensive in your
eyes and shall seem to be diverting control to my own hands. In fine, I can advise you
against receiving into your realm, not Fabricius only, but also anyone else who is
either your superior or your equal, or, in general, any man who has been reared in
liberal ways and possesses a spirit above that of a private person. 8 For a man of lofty
spirit is neither a safe companion for a king nor an agreeable one. Well then, as
regards your private interests, you yourself will determine what you must do; as for
the prisoners, come to some reasonable decision and permit us to depart."
(27) When he stopped speaking, the king, admiring his nobility of soul, took him by
the hand and said: "It no longer enters my mind why your city is renowned and
encompassed so vast a dominion, since she is nurse of such men; and above all things
I could have wished that no dispute should have arisen in the first place between me
and you Romans; but since it has arisen and it was the will of some god that only after
we had made trial of one another's might and valour would he bring us together, I am
ready to be reconciled. And in order (p385) that I may be the first to make the friendly
overtures to which you invite me, I give up as a favour to your commonwealth all the
prisoners without ransom."
Having subdued Libya even as far as the tribes living by the Ocean.
|
|
