Texte grec :
| [10,36] Ταῦθ´ ὑποσχόμενοι καὶ ὀμόσαντες ἀπέδειξαν
ἡμέρας, ἐν αἷς ἀγορὰν ποιήσονται τοῦ δήμου
καὶ τὰς ψήφους ἀναδώσουσι περὶ τῶν νόμων· ἐπιστάντος δὲ τοῦ χρόνου πρῶτον
εἰσέφερον τὸν χωρονομικὸν
νόμον καὶ πολλοὺς διελθόντες λόγους ἐκάλουν, εἴ τις
τῷ νόμῳ συναγορεύειν βούλεται τῶν δημοτικῶν. πολλῶν δὲ παριόντων καὶ τὰς
ἑαυτῶν πράξεις, ἃς ἐν τοῖς
πολέμοις ἀπεδείξαντο, προφερομένων καὶ ἀγανακτούντων, ὅτι πολλὴν ἀφελόμενοι
γῆν τοὺς πολεμίους αὐτοὶ
μὲν οὐδεμίαν εἰλήφασι μοῖραν, τοὺς δὲ χρήμασι καὶ
φίλοις δυνατοὺς ἐσφετερισμένους ὁρῶσι τὰ κοινὰ καὶ
καρπουμένους ἐκ τοῦ βιαιοτάτου, ἀξιούντων τε μὴ
μόνον τοὺς κινδύνους εἶναι τῷ δήμῳ τοὺς ὑπὲρ τῶν
κοινῶν ἀγαθῶν κοινούς, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὰς ἀπ´ αὐτῶν
ἡδονάς τε καὶ ὠφελείας, καὶ τοῦ πλήθους ἀσμένως
ἀκούοντος τοὺς λόγους, ὁ μάλιστα ἐπιρρώσας τὸν
δῆμον καὶ μηδὲ φωνὴν ὑπομένειν τῶν ἀντιλεγόντων
διαπραξάμενος ἦν Λεύκιος Σίκκιος, Δεντάτος ἐπικαλούμενος, πολλὰς πάνυ καὶ
μεγάλας ἑαυτοῦ πράξεις διεξελθών. ἦν δ´ ὀφθῆναί τε θαυμαστὸς ὁ ἀνὴρ καὶ
ἡλικίας ἐν τῷ κρατίστῳ δυεῖν δέοντα ἑξήκοντα γεγονὼς
ἔτη καὶ φρονῆσαι τὰ δέοντα ἱκανὸς εἰπεῖν τε ὡς στρατιώτης οὐκ ἀδύνατος. ἔφη δ´ οὖν
παρελθών· Ἐγώ,
ὦ δημόται, καθ´ ἕκαστον ἔργον τῶν ἐμοὶ πεπραγμένων
εἰ βουλοίμην λέγειν, ἐπιλίποι ἄν με ὁ τῆς ἡμέρας
χρόνος. αὐτὰ δὲ τὰ κεφάλαια δι´ ἐλαχίστων ὡς ἐμὴ
δύναμις ἐρῶ. τετταρακοστὸν μὲν ἔτος ἐστί μοι τοῦτο,
ἐξ οὗ στρατεύομαι περὶ τῆς πατρίδος, τριακοστὸν δ´
ἐξ οὗ στρατιωτικῆς ἀεί τινος ἡγεμονίας τυγχάνω, τοτὲ
μὲν σπείρας ἡγούμενος, τοτὲ δ´ ὅλου τάγματος, ἀρξάμενος ἀπὸ τῶν ὑπάτων Γαίου
Ἀκυλλίου καὶ Τίτου
Σικκίου, οἷς ἐψηφίσατο ἡ βουλὴ τὸν κατὰ Οὐολούσκων
πόλεμον. ἤμην γὰρ τότε ἑπτακαιεικοσέτης, ἐταττόμην
δ´ ἔτι ὑπὸ λοχαγῷ. γενομένης δὲ μάχης καρτερᾶς καὶ
τροπῆς, καὶ τοῦ μὲν ἡγεμόνος τῆς σπείρας πεπτωκότος,
τῶν δὲ σημείων κρατουμένων ὑπὸ τῶν ἐχθρῶν, μόνος
ἐγὼ τὸν ὑπὲρ ἁπάντων κίνδυνον ἀράμενος τά τε σημεῖα
διέσωσα τῇ σπείρᾳ καὶ τοὺς πολεμίους ἀνέστειλα καὶ
τοῦ μὴ περιπεσεῖν αἰσχύνῃ τοὺς λοχαγοὺς αἰωνίῳ, δι´
ἣν θανάτου κακίων ὁ λοιπὸς ἂν αὐτοῖς βίος ἦν, αἴτιος
ἐγενόμην φανερῶς, ὡς αὐτοί τε ὡμολόγουν χρυσῷ με
ἀναδήσαντες στεφάνῳ, καὶ ὁ ὕπατος Σίκκιος ἐμαρτύρησεν ἡγεμόνα τῆς σπείρας
ἀποδείξας. ἑτέρου τε πάλιν
ἡμῖν ἀγῶνος ἐνστάντος, ἐν ᾧ τόν τε στρατοπεδάρχην
τοῦ τάγματος ἡμῶν συνέβη πεσεῖν καὶ τὸν ἀετὸν ὑπὸ
τοῖς πολεμίοις γενέσθαι, τὸν αὐτὸν τρόπον ὑπὲρ ὅλου
τοῦ τάγματος ἀγωνισάμενος τόν τ´ ἀετὸν ἀνεκομισάμην
καὶ τὸν στρατοπεδάρχην ἔσωσα· ὃς ἐμοὶ τῆς τότε
βοηθείας χάριν ἀποδιδοὺς τῆς ἡγεμονίας τοῦ τάγματος
ἀφίστατό μοι καὶ τὸν ἀετὸν ἐδίδου, ἐγὼ δ´ οὐκ ἔλαβον,
οὐκ ἀξιῶν ᾧ τὸν βίον ἐχαρισάμην τούτου παρελέσθαι
τὰς τιμὰς ἃς εἶχε καὶ τὰς ἐπὶ ταύταις εὐφροσύνας.
ἐφ´ οἷς ἀγασθείς με ὁ ὕπατος τοῦ πρώτου τάγματος
ἀπέδωκε τὴν στρατοπεδαρχίαν ἀπολωλεκότος ἐν τῇ
μάχῃ τὸν ἡγεμόνα.
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Traduction française :
| [10,36] Having made these promises and confirmed them by oaths, they appointed days
on which they would hold an assembly of the populace and take their votes
concerning the laws. When the time came, they first proposed the agrarian law, and
after discussing it at great length, called upon any of the plebeians who so desired to
speak in favour of the law. Many came forward, and enumerating the (p289) exploits
they had performed in the wars, expressed their indignation that they who had taken
so much land from their enemies had received no part of it themselves, while they
saw that those who were powerful by reason of their riches and their friends had
appropriated and now enjoyed, by the most violent means, the possessions that
belonged to all; and they demanded that the populace should share, not only in the
dangers that were undertaken for the common good, but also in the pleasures and
profits that resulted from those dangers. and the multitude listened to them with
pleasure. But the one who encouraged them the most and refused to tolerate even a
word from the opponents of the law was Lucius Siccius, surnamed Dentatus, who
related very many great exploits of his own. He was a man of remarkable
appearance, was in the very prime of life, being fifty-eight years old, capable of
conceiving practical measures and also, for a soldier, eloquent in expressing them.
This man, then, came forward and said:
"If I, plebeians, should choose to relate my exploits one by one, a day's time would
not suffice me; hence I shall give a mere summary, in the fewest words I can. This is
the fortieth year that I have been make gate campaigns for my country, and the
thirtieth that I have continued to hold some military command, sometimes over a
cohort and sometimes over a whole legion, beginning with the consulship of Gaius
Aquillius and Titus Siccius, to whom the senate committed (p291) the conduct of the
war against the Volscians. I was then twenty-seven years of age and in rank I was still
under a centurion. When a severe battle occurred and a rout, the commander of
the cohort had fallen, and the standards were in the hands of the enemy, I alone,
exposing myself in behalf of all, recovered the standards for the cohort, repulsed the
enemy, and was clearly the one who saved the centurions from incurring everlasting
disgrace — which would have rendered the rest of their lives more bitter than death —
as both they themselves acknowledged, by crowning me with a golden crown, and
Siccius the consul bore witness, by appointing me commander of the cohort. And in
another battle that we had, in which it happened that the primipilus of the legion
was thrown to the ground and the eagle fell into the enemy's hands, I fought in the
same manner in defence of the whole legion, recovered the eagle and saved the
primipilus. In return for the assistance I then gave him he wished to resign his
command of the legion in my favour and to give me the eagle; but I refused both,
being unwilling to deprive the man whose life I had saved of the honours he enjoyed
and of the satisfaction resulting from them. The consul was pleased with my
behaviour and gave me the post of primipilus in the first legion, which had lost its
commander in the battle.
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