Texte grec :
| [6,26] Ἔτι δ´ αὐτῆς ἐν τῷ βουλευτηρίῳ καθεζομένης
καὶ τίνες εἶεν δυνάμεις τὰς ἐξελευσομένας σκοπούσης, εἰς
τὴν ἀγορὰν ἀνὴρ πρεσβύτερος ἐφάνη ῥάκος
ἠμφιεσμένος, πώγωνα βαθὺν καθεικὼς καὶ κόμην βοῶν
καὶ ἐπικαλούμενος τὴν ἐξ ἀνθρώπων ἐπικουρίαν.
συνδραμόντος δὲ τοῦ πλησίον ὄχλου στάς, ὅθεν ἔμελλε
πολλοῖς καταφανὴς ἔσεσθαι, ἔφη, Γεννηθεὶς ἐλεύθερος,
ἐστρατευμένος τὰς ἐν ἡλικίᾳ στρατείας, καὶ δυεῖν
δεούσας τριάκοντα μάχας ἀγωνισάμενος, καὶ ἀριστεῖα
πολλάκις εἰληφὼς ἐκ τῶν πολέμων, ἐπειδὴ κατέσχον
οἱ τὴν πόλιν εἰς τὰς ἐσχάτας ἄγοντες στενοχωρίας
καιροί, χρέος ἠναγκάσθην λαβεῖν ἕνεκα τοῦ διαλῦσαι
τὰς εἰσπραττομένας εἰσφοράς, ὡς τὸ μὲν χωρίον οἱ
πολέμιοι κατέδραμον, τὰ δὲ κατὰ πόλιν αἱ σιτοδεῖαι
κατανάλωσαν, ὅθεν διαλύσαιμί μου τὸ χρέος οὐκ ἔχων,
ἀπήχθην δοῦλος ὑπὸ τοῦ δανειστοῦ σὺν τοῖς υἱοῖς δυσίν·
ἐπιτάττοντος δὲ τοῦ δεσπότου τῶν οὐ ῥᾳδίων
ἔργον τι ἀντειπὼν αὐτῷ πληγὰς ἔλαβον μάστιξι πάνυ
πολλάς. ταῦτ´ εἰπὼν ἐρρίπτει τὸ ῥάκιον καὶ ἐδείκνυε
τὸ στῆθος μεστὸν τραυμάτων, τὰ δὲ νῶτα αἵματος ἐκ
τῶν πληγῶν ἀνάπλεω. κραυγῆς δὲ καὶ οἰμωγῆς ἐκ
τῶν παρόντων γινομένης ἥ τε βουλὴ διελύθη καὶ κατὰ
τὴν πόλιν ὅλην δρόμος ἦν τῶν ἀπόρων τὴν ἰδίαν
τύχην ἀνακλαιομένων καὶ βοηθεῖν τοὺς πέλας ἀξιούντων· ἔκ
τε τῶν οἰκιῶν οἱ πρὸς τὰ χρέα δουλωθέντες
ἐξώρμων κομῶντες, ἁλύσεις ἔχοντες οἱ πλεῖστοι καὶ
πέδας οὐδενὸς ἀντιλαμβάνεσθαι τολμῶντος αὐτῶν, εἰ
δ´ ἅψαιτο μόνον, ἐν χειρῶν νόμῳ διασπαραττομένου.
τοσαύτη λύττα τὸν δῆμον ἐν τῷ τότε καιρῷ κατεῖχε,
καὶ μετ´ οὐ πολὺ μεστὴ τῶν ἐκφυγόντων τὰς ἀνάγκας
ἦν ἡ ἀγορά. ὁ μὲν οὖν Ἄππιος δείσας τὴν ἐφ´ ἑαυτὸν ὁρμὴν
τοῦ πλήθους, ἐπειδὴ τῶν κακῶν ἦν αἴτιος,
καὶ δι´ ἐκεῖνον ἐδόκει ταῦτα γεγονέναι, φεύγων ἐκ τῆς
ἀγορᾶς ᾤχετο. ὁ δὲ Σερουίλιος ῥίψας τὴν περιπόρφυρον
ἐσθῆτα καὶ προκυλιόμενος τῶν δημοτικῶν ἑκάστου μετὰ
δακρύων, μόλις αὐτοὺς ἔπεισεν ἐκείνην μὲν
τὴν ἡμέραν ἐπισχεῖν, εἰς δὲ τὴν ἐπιοῦσαν ἥκειν, ὡς
τῆς βουλῆς ἐπιμέλειάν τινα περὶ αὐτῶν ποιησομένης.
ταῦτ´ εἰπὼν καὶ τὸν κήρυκα ἀνειπεῖν κελεύσας μηδένα
τῶν δανειστῶν ἐξεῖναι σῶμα πολιτικὸν πρὸς ἴδιον χρέος
ἄγειν, ἕως {ἂν} ἡ βουλὴ περὶ αὐτῶν διαγνοίη, τοὺς δὲ παρόντας
ὅποι βούλοιντο ἀδεῶς ἀπιέναι, διέλυσε τὸν θόρυβον.
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Traduction française :
| [6,26] While the senate was still sitting and considering what forces were to be taken
into the field, an elderly man appeared in the Forum, dressed in rags, with his beard
and hair grown long, and crying out, he called upon the citizens for assistance. And
when all who were near flocked to him, he placed himself where he could be clearly
seen by many and said: "Having been born free, and having served in all the
campaigns while I was of military age, and fought in twenty-eight battles and often
been awarded prizes for valour in the wars; then, won't oppressive times came that
were reducing the commonwealth to the last straits, having been forced to contract a
debt to pay the contributions levied upon me; and finally, when my farm was raided
by the (p319) enemy and my property in the city exhausted owing to the scarcity of
provisions, having no means with which to discharge my debt, I was carried away as a
slave by the money-lender, together with my two sons; and when my master ordered
me to perform some difficult task and I protested against it, I was given a great many
lashes with the whip." With these words he threw off his rags and showed his breast
covered with wounds and his back still bleeding from the stripes. This raising a
general clamour and lamentation on the part of all present, the senate adjourned and
throughout the entire city the poor were running about, each bewailing his own
misfortunes and imploring the assistance of the neighbours. At the same time all who
had been enslaved for their debts rushed out of the houses of the money-lenders with
their hair grown long and most of them in chains and fetters; and none dared to lay
hold on them, and if anyone so much as touched them, he was forcibly torn in pieces,
such was the madness possessing the people at that time, and presently the Forum
was full of debtors who had broken loose from their chains. Appius, therefore, fearing
to be attacked by the populace, since he had been the cause of the evils and all this
trouble was believed to be due to him, fled from the Forum. But Servilius, throwing
off his purple-bordered robe and casting himself in tears at the feet of each of the
plebeians, with difficulty prevailed upon them to remain quiet that day, and to come
back the next (p321) day, assuring them that the senate would take some care of their
interests. Having said this, he ordered the herald to make proclamation that no
money-lender should be permitted to hale any citizen to prison for a private debt till
the senate should come to a decision concerning them, and that all present might go
with impunity whithersoever they pleased. Thus he allayed the tumult.
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