Texte grec :
| [6,89] Τῇ δ´ ἑξῆς ἡμέρᾳ παρῆσαν μὲν οἱ
περὶ τὸν Βροῦτον πεποιημένοι τὰς πρὸς τὴν βουλὴν
συνθήκας διὰ τῶν εἰρηνοδικῶν, οὓς καλοῦσι Ῥωμαῖοι
Φητιάλεις. νεμηθεὶς δ´ ὁ δῆμος εἰς τὰς τότε οὔσας
φράτρας, ἢ ὅπως βούλεταί τις αὐτὰς προσαγορεύειν,
ἃς ἐκεῖνοι καλοῦσι κουρίας, ἄρχοντας ἐνιαυσίους
ἀποδεικνύουσι τούσδε· Λεύκιον Ἰούνιον Βροῦτον καὶ Γάιον
Σικίννιον Βελλοῦτον, οὓς καὶ τέως εἶχον ἡγεμόνας,
καὶ ἔτι πρὸς τούτοις Γάιον καὶ Πόπλιον Λικιννίους
καὶ Γάιον Οὐισκέλλιον Ῥοῦγαν. οὗτοι τὴν δημαρχικὴν
ἐξουσίαν πρῶτοι παρέλαβον οἱ πέντε ἄνδρες ἡμέρᾳ
τετάρτῃ πρότερον εἰδῶν Δεκεμβρίων, ὥσπερ καὶ μέχρι
τοῦ καθ´ ἡμᾶς χρόνου γίνεται. τελεσθεισῶν δὲ τῶν
ἀρχαιρεσιῶν τοῖς μὲν παρὰ τῆς βουλῆς ἥκουσι καλῶς
ἔχειν ἐδόκει πάντα, περὶ ὧν ἀπεστάλησαν· ὁ δὲ Βροῦτος
ἐκκλησίαν συναγαγὼν συνεβούλευε τοῖς δημόταις
ἱερὰν καὶ ἄσυλον ἀποδεῖξαι τὴν ἀρχὴν νόμῳ τε καὶ
ὅρκῳ βεβαιώσαντας αὐτῇ τὸ ἀσφαλές. ἐδόκει ταῦτα
πᾶσι, καὶ γράφεται πρὸς αὐτοῦ καὶ τῶν συναρχόντων
ὅδε ὁ νόμος· δήμαρχον ἄκοντα, ὥσπερ ἕνα τῶν πολλῶν,
μηδεὶς μηδὲν ἀναγκαζέτω δρᾶν μηδὲ μαστιγούτω
μηδ´ ἐπιταττέτω μαστιγοῦν ἑτέρῳ μηδ´ ἀποκτιννύτω
μηδ´ ἀποκτείνειν κελευέτω. ἐὰν δέ τις τῶν ἀπηγορευμένων
τι ποιήσῃ, ἐξάγιστος ἔστω, καὶ τὰ χρήματα αὐτοῦ Δήμητρος
ἱερά, καὶ ὁ κτείνας τινὰ τῶν ταῦτ´
εἰργασμένων φόνου καθαρὸς ἔστω. καὶ ἵνα μηδὲ τὸ
λοιπὸν τῷ δήμῳ ἐξουσία γένηται καταπαῦσαι τόνδε
τὸν νόμον, ἀλλ´ εἰς ἅπαντα τὸν χρόνον ἀκίνητος διαμείνῃ,
πάντας ἐτάχθη Ῥωμαίους ὀμόσαι καθ´ ἱερῶν ἦ
μὴν χρήσεσθαι τῷ νόμῳ καὶ αὐτοὺς καὶ ἐγγόνους τὸν
ἀεὶ χρόνον, ἀρά τε τῷ ὅρκῳ προσετέθη, τοῖς μὲν ἐμπεδοῦσι
τοὺς θεοὺς τοὺς οὐρανίους ἵλεως εἶναι καὶ δαίμονας τοὺς
καταχθονίους, τοῖς δὲ παραβαίνουσιν ἐναντία
καὶ τὰ παρὰ θεῶν γίνεσθαι καὶ τὰ παρὰ δαιμόνων
ὡς ἄγει τῷ μεγίστῳ ἐνόχοις. ἐκ τούτων κατέστη τοῖς
Ῥωμαίοις ἔθος τὰ τῶν δημάρχων σώματα ἱερὰ εἶναι
καὶ παναγῆ, καὶ μέχρι τοῦ καθ´ ἡμᾶς χρόνου διαμένει.
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Traduction française :
| [6,89] The next day Brutus and those who had been sent with him returned, having
effected the agreement with the senate through the arbiters of (p121) peace who are
called by the Romans fetiales. And the people, dividing themselves into the clans of
that day, or whatever one wishes to term the divisions which the Romans call "curiae",
chose for their annual magistrates the following persons: Lucius Junius Brutus and
Gaius Sicinius Bellutus, whom they had had as their leaders up to that time, and, in
addition to these, Gaius and Publius Licinius and Gaius Visellius Ruga. These five
persons were the first who received the tribunician power, on the fourth day before
the ides of December, as is the custom even to our time. The election being over, the
envoys of the senate considered that everything for which they had been sent was
now properly settled. But Brutus, calling the plebeians together, advised them to
render this magistracy sacred and inviolable, insuring its security by both a law and
an oath. This was approved of by all, and a law was drawn up by him and his
colleagues, as follows: "Let no one compel a tribune of the people, as if he were an
ordinary person, to do anything against his will; let no one whip him or order another
to whip him; and let no one kill him or order another to kill him. If anybody shall do
any one of these things that are forbidden, let him be accursed and let his goods be
consecrated to Ceres; and if anybody shall kill one who has done any of these things,
let him be guiltless of murder." And to the end that the people might not even in
future (p123) be at liberty to repeal this law, but that it might forever remain unalterable,
it was ordained that all the Romans should solemnly swear over the sacrificial victims
to observe it for all time, both they and their posterity; and a prayer was added to the
oath that the heavenly gods and the divinities of the lower world might be propitious
to those who observed it, and that the displeasure of the gods and divinities might be
visited upon those who violated it, as being guilty of the greatest sacrilege. From this
the custom arose among the Romans of regarding the persons of the tribunes of the
people as sacrosanct, which custom continues to this day.
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