Texte grec :
| [3,71] Οὗτος ὁ Νέβιος βουλομένῳ ποτὲ τῷ Ταρκυνίῳ
τρεῖς φυλὰς ἑτέρας ἀποδεῖξαι νέας ἐκ τῶν ὑφ´
αὑτοῦ πρότερον κατειλεγμένων ἱππέων καὶ ποιῆσαι
τὰς ἐπιθέτους φυλὰς ἑαυτοῦ τε καὶ τῶν ἰδίων
ἑταίρων ἐπωνύμους μόνος ἀντεῖπε κατὰ τὸ καρτερόν,
οὐκ ἐῶν κινεῖν τῶν ὑπὸ Ῥωμύλου κατασταθέντων
οὐθέν. ἀχθόμενος δ´ ἐπὶ τῇ κωλύσει καὶ δι´ ὀργῆς
ἔχων τὸν Νέβιον ὁ βασιλεὺς καταβαλεῖν αὐτοῦ τὴν
ἐπιστήμην εἰς τὸ μηδὲν ἐπεχείρησεν, ὡς ἀλαζονευομένου
καὶ μηθὲν ἀληθὲς λέγοντος. ταῦτα διανοηθεὶς
ἐκάλει τὸν Νέβιον ἐπὶ τὸ βῆμα πολλοῦ παρόντος
ὄχλου κατὰ τὴν ἀγοράν. προδιαλεχθεὶς δὲ τοῖς περὶ
αὐτὸν δι´ οὗ τρόπου ψευδόμαντιν ἀποδείξειν τὸν
οἰωνοσκόπον ὑπελάμβανεν, ἐπειδὴ παρεγένετο φιλανθρώποις
αὐτὸν ἀσπασμοῖς ἀναλαβών, Νῦν, ἔφη, καιρὸς
ἐπιδείξασθαί σε τὴν ἀκρίβειαν τῆς μαντικῆς ἐπιστήμης,
ὦ Νέβιε. πράξει γὰρ ἐπιχειρεῖν μεγάλῃ
διανοούμενος, εἰ τὸ δυνατὸν αὐτῇ πρόσεστι μαθεῖν
βούλομαι. ἀλλ´ ἄπιθι καὶ διαμαντευσάμενος ἧκε
ταχέως, ἐγὼ δ´ ἐνθάδε καθήμενος ἀναμενῶ. ἐποίει
τὰ κελευόμενα ὁ μάντις καὶ μετ´ οὐ πολὺ παρῆν αἰσίους
εἰληφέναι λέγων οἰωνοὺς καὶ δυνατὴν εἶναι
τὴν πρᾶξιν ἀποφαίνων. γελάσας δ´ ὁ Ταρκύνιος ἐπὶ
τῷ λόγῳ καὶ προενέγκας ἐκ τοῦ κόλπου ξυρὸν καὶ
ἀκόνην λέγει πρὸς αὐτόν, Ἑάλωκας, ὦ Νέβιε, φενακίζων
ἡμᾶς καὶ καταψευδόμενος τοῦ δαιμονίου καταφανῶς,
ὁπότε καὶ τὰς ἀδυνάτους πράξεις τετόλμηκας
λέγειν δυνατάς. ἔγωγ´ οὖν διεμαντευόμην, εἰ τῷ
ξυρῷ τῷδε τὴν ἀκόνην πλήξας μέσην δυνήσομαι διελεῖν.
γέλωτος δ´ ἐξ ἁπάντων γενομένου τῶν περὶ τὸ
βῆμα οὐθὲν ἐπιταραχθεὶς ὁ Νέβιος ὑπὸ τοῦ τωθασμοῦ
τε καὶ τοῦ θορύβου, Παῖε θαρρῶν, ἔφη, Ταρκύνιε,
τὴν ἀκόνην, ὡς προαιρῇ· διαιρεθήσεται γὰρ ἢ
πάσχειν ὁτιοῦν ἕτοιμος ἐγώ. θαυμάσας δὲ ὁ βασιλεὺς
τὸ θράσος τοῦ μάντεως φέρει τὸ ξυρὸν κατὰ
τῆς ἀκόνης, ἡ δὲ ἀκμὴ τοῦ σιδήρου δι´ ὅλου κατελθοῦσα
τοῦ λίθου τήν τε ἀκόνην διαιρεῖ καὶ τῆς κατεχούσης
αὐτὴν χειρὸς ἐπιτέμνει τι μέρος. οἱ μὲν
οὖν ἄλλοι πάντες ὡς τὸ θαυμαστὸν τοῦτο καὶ ἄπιστον
ἔργον ἐθεάσαντο, καταπλαγέντες ἀνεβόησαν, ὁ
δὲ Ταρκύνιος αἰδεσθεὶς ἐπὶ τῇ διαπείρᾳ τῆς τέχνης
καὶ τὸ ἀπρεπὲς τῶν ὀνειδισμῶν ἐπανορθώσασθαι βουλόμενος
πρῶτον μὲν τῶν περὶ τὰς φυλὰς ἐγχειρημάτων
ἀπέστη, ἔπειτα δ´ αὐτὸν τὸν Νέβιον ἀποθεραπεῦσαι
διαγνούς, ὡς ἁπάντων ἀνθρώπων θεοφιλέστατον,
ἄλλαις τε πολλαῖς φιλανθρωπίαις ὑπηγάγετο
καὶ ἵνα μνήμης αἰωνίου τυγχάνῃ παρὰ τῶν ἐπιγινομένων
εἰκόνα κατασκευάσας αὐτοῦ χαλκῆν ἀνέστησεν
ἐν ἀγορᾷ, ἣ καὶ εἰς ἐμὲ ἦν ἔτι πρὸ τοῦ βουλευτηρίου
κειμένη πλησίον τῆς ἱερᾶς συκῆς ἐλάττων ἀνδρὸς
μετρίου τὴν περιβολὴν ἔχουσα κατὰ τῆς κεφαλῆς.
ὀλίγον δὲ ἄπωθεν αὐτῆς ἥ τε ἀκόνη κεκρύφθαι λέγεται
κατὰ γῆς καὶ τὸ ξυρὸν ὑπὸ βωμῷ τινι· καλεῖται
δὲ Φρέαρ ὁ τόπος ὑπὸ Ῥωμαίων. καὶ τὰ μὲν περὶ
τοῦ μάντεως τούτου μνημονευόμενα ταῦτά ἐστι.
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Traduction française :
| [3,71] This Nevius, when Tarquinius once desired to create three new tribes out of the
knights he had previously enrolled, and to give his own name and the names of his
personal friends to these additional tribes, alone violently opposed it and would not
allow any of the institutions of Romulus to be altered. The king, resenting this
opposition and being angry with Nevius, endeavoured to bring his science to nought
and show him up as a charlatan who did not speak a word of truth. With this purpose
in indicate he summoned Nevius before the tribunal when a large crowd was present
in the Forum; and having first informed those about him in what manner he expected
to show the augur to be a false prophet, he received Nevius upon his arrival with
friendly greetings and said: "Now is the time, Nevius, for you to display the accuracy
of your prophetic science. For I have in mind to undertake a great project, and I wish
to know whether it is possible. Go, therefore, take the auspices and return speedily.
I will sit here and wait for you."The augur did as he was ordered, and returning soon
after, said he had obtained favourable omens and declared the undertaking to be
possible. But Tarquinius laughed at his words, and taking out a razor and a whetstone
from his bosom, said to him: "Now you are convicted, Nevius, of imposing on us and
openly lying about the will of the gods, since you have dared to affirm that even
impossible things are possible. I wanted (p255) to know from the auspices whether if
I strike the whetstone with this razor I shall be able to cut it in halves."At this,
laughter arose from all who stood round the tribunal; but Nevius, nothing daunted by
their raillery and clamour, said: "Strike the whetstone confidently, as you propose,
Tarquinius. For it will be cut asunder, or I am ready to submit to any punishment."
The king, surprised at the confidence of the augur, struck the razor against the
whetstone, and the edge of the steel, making its way quite through the stone, not only
cut the whetstone asunder but also cut off a part of the hand that held it. All the
others who beheld this wonderful and incredible feat cried out in their astonishment;
and Tarquinius, ashamed of having made this trial of the man's skill and desiring to
atone for his unseemly reproaches, resolved to win back the goodwill of Nevius
himself, seeing in him one favoured above all men by the gods. Among many other
instances of kindness by which he won him over, he caused a bronze statue of him to
be made and set up in the Forum to perpetuate his memory with posterity. This
statue still remained down to my time, standing in front of the senate-house near the
sacred fig-tree; it was shorter than a man of average stature and the head was covered
with the mantle. At a small distance from the statue both the whetstone and the razor
are said to be buried in the earth under a certain altar. The place is called a well by
the (p257) Romans. Such then, is the account given of this augur.
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