[3,69] Ἐνεχείρησε δὲ καὶ τὸν νεὼν κατασκευάζειν τοῦ τε Διὸς καὶ τῆς Ἥρας καὶ τῆς Ἀθηνᾶς ὁ βασιλεὺς οὗτος εὐχὴν ἀποδιδούς, ἣν ἐποιήσατο τοῖς θεοῖς ἐν τῇ τελευταίᾳ πρὸς Σαβίνους μάχῃ. τὸν μὲν οὖν λόφον, ἐφ´ οὗ τὸ ἱερὸν ἔμελλεν ἱδρύεσθαι, πολλῆς δεόμενον πραγματείας (οὔτε γὰρ εὐπρόσοδος ἦν οὔτε ὁμαλός, ἀλλ´ ἀπότομος καὶ εἰς κορυφὴν συναγόμενος ὀξεῖαν) ἀναλήμμασιν ὑψηλοῖς πολλαχόθεν περιλαβὼν καὶ πολὺν χοῦν εἰς τὸ μεταξὺ τῶν τε ἀναλημμάτων καὶ τῆς κορυφῆς ἐμφορήσας, ὁμαλὸν γενέσθαι παρεσκεύασε καὶ πρὸς ἱερῶν ὑποδοχὴν ἐπιτηδειότατον. τοὺς δὲ θεμελίους οὐκ ἔφθασε θεῖναι τοῦ νεὼ χρόνον ἐπιβιώσας μετὰ τὴν κατάλυσιν τοῦ πολέμου τετραετῆ. πολλοῖς δ´ ὕστερον ἔτεσιν ὁ τρίτος βασιλεύσας ἀπ´ ἐκείνου Ταρκύνιος, ὁ τῆς ἀρχῆς ἐκπεσών, τούς τε θεμελίους κατεβάλετο καὶ τῆς οἰκοδομῆς τὰ πολλὰ εἰργάσατο. οὐ μὴν ἐτελείωσε τὸ ἔργον οὐδ´ οὗτος, ἀλλ´ ἐπὶ τῶν ἐνιαυσίων ἀρχόντων τῶν κατὰ τὸν τρίτον ἐνιαυτὸν ὑπατευσάντων τὴν συντέλειαν ἔλαβεν ὁ νεώς. ἄξιον δὲ καὶ τὰ πρὸ τῆς κατασκευῆς αὐτοῦ γενόμενα διελθεῖν, ἃ παραδεδώκασιν ἅπαντες οἱ τὰς ἐπιχωρίους συναγαγόντες ἱστορίας. ἐπειδὴ γὰρ ἔμελλε κατασκευάζειν ὁ Ταρκύνιος τὸν ναόν, συγκαλέσας τοὺς οἰωνομάντεις ἐκέλευσε τοῖς ἀνδράσι περὶ αὐτοῦ πρῶτον διαμαντεύσασθαι τοῦ τόπου, τίς ἐπιτηδειότατός ἐστι τῆς πόλεως χῶρος ἱερὸς ἀνεῖσθαι καὶ τοῖς θεοῖς αὐτοῖς μάλιστα κεχαρισμένος. ἀποδειξάντων δ´ αὐτῶν τὸν ὑπερκείμενον τῆς ἀγορᾶς λόφον, ὃς τότε μὲν ἐκαλεῖτο Ταρπήιος, νῦν δὲ Καπιτωλῖνος, αὖθις ἐκέλευσεν αὐτοὺς διαμαντευσαμένους εἰπεῖν ἐν ὁποίῳ τοῦ λόφου χωρίῳ θέσθαι δεήσει τοὺς θεμελίους. τοῦτο δὲ οὐ πάνυ ῥᾴδιον ἦν· πολλοὶ γὰρ ἦσαν ἐν αὐτῷ βωμοὶ θεῶν τε καὶ δαιμόνων ὀλίγον ἀπέχοντες ἀλλήλων, οὓς ἔδει μετάγειν ἑτέρωσέ ποι, καὶ πᾶν ἀποδοῦναι τῷ μέλλοντι τοῖς θεοῖς τεμένει γενήσεσθαι τὸ δάπεδον. ἔδοξε δὴ τοῖς οἰωνοπόλοις ὑπὲρ ἑκάστου βωμοῦ τῶν καθιδρυμένων διαμαντευσαμένοις, ἐὰν παραχωρῶσιν οἱ θεοὶ τότε κινεῖν αὐτούς. οἱ μὲν οὖν ἄλλοι θεοί τε καὶ δαίμονες ἐπέτρεψαν αὐτοῖς εἰς ἕτερα χωρία τοὺς βωμοὺς σφῶν μεταφέρειν, οἱ δὲ τοῦ Τέρμονος καὶ τῆς Νεότητος πολλὰ παραιτουμένοις τοῖς μάντεσι καὶ λιπαροῦσιν οὐκ ἐπείσθησαν οὐδ´ ἠνέσχοντο παραχωρῆσαι τῶν τόπων. τοιγάρτοι συμπεριελήφθησαν αὐτῶν οἱ βωμοὶ τῇ κατασκευῇ τῶν ἱερῶν, καὶ νῦν ὁ μὲν ἕτερός ἐστιν ἐν τῷ προνάῳ τῆς Ἀθηνᾶς, ὁ δ´ ἕτερος ἐν αὐτῷ τῷ σηκῷ πλησίον τοῦ ἕδους. ἐκ δὲ τούτου συνέβαλον οἱ μάντεις, ὅτι τῆς Ῥωμαίων πόλεως οὔτε τοὺς ὅρους μετακινήσει καιρὸς οὐθεὶς οὔτε τὴν ἀκμὴν μεταβαλεῖ· καὶ μέχρι τῶν κατ´ ἐμὲ χρόνων ἀληθὲς αὐτῶν ἐστιν ἑκάτερον εἰκοστὴν ἤδη καὶ τετάρτην γενεάν.

[3,69] This king also undertook to construct the temple to Jupiter, Juno and Minerva, in fulfilment of the vow he had made to these gods in his last battle (p245) against the Sabines. Having, therefore, surrounded the hill on which he proposed to build the temple with high retaining walls in many places, since it required much preparation (for it was neither easy of access nor level, but steep, and terminated in a sharp peak), he filled in the space between the retaining walls and the summit with great quantities of earth and, by levelling it, made the place most suitable for receiving temples. But he was prevented by death from laying the foundations of the temple; for he lived but four years after the end of the war. Many years later, however, Tarquinius, the second88 king after him, the one who was driven from the throne, laid the founds of this structure and built the greater part of it. Yet even he did not complete the work, but it was finished under the annual magistrates who were consuls in the third year after his expulsion. It is fitting to relate also the incidents that preceded the building of it as they have been handed down by all the compilers of Roman history. When Tarquinius was preparing to build the temple he called the augurs together and ordered them first to consult the auspices concerning the site itself, in order to learn what place in the city was the most suitable to be consecrated and the most acceptable to the gods themselves;and upon their indicating the hill that commands the Forum, which was then called the Tarpeian, but now the Capitoline Hill, he ordered them to consult the auspices once more and declare in what (p247) part of the hill the foundations must be laid. But this was not at all easy; for there were upon the hill many altars both of the gods and of the lesser divinities not far apart from one another, which would have to be moved to some other place and the whole area given up to the sanctuary that was to be built to the gods. The augurs thought proper to consult the auspices concerning each one of the altars that were erected there, and if the gods were willing to withdraw, then to move them elsewhere. The rest of the gods and lesser divinities, then, gave them leave to move their altars elsewhere, but Terminus and Juventas, although the augurs besought them with great earnestness and importunity, could not be prevailed on and refused to leave their places. Accordingly, their altars were included within the circuit of the temples, and one of them now stands in the vestibule of Minerva's shrine and the other in the shrine itself near the statue of the goddess. From this circumstance the augurs concluded that no occasion would ever cause the removal of the boundaries of the Romans' city or impair its vigour; and both have proved true down to my day, which is already the twenty-fourth generation.